Update k8s/csi-provisioner to 5.1.0

[nightkr]

- [ ] https://github.com/stackabletech/secret-operator/pull/545
- [ ] https://github.com/stackabletech/listener-operator/pull/269

[nightkr]

See the 5.1.0 changelog. Of note here:

• VolumeAttributesClass feature gate breaks compatibility with k8s < 1.31
  • I don't believe this should affect us, since we don't use this feature gate anyway

[nightkr]

Looks like 5.2.0 was released in the meantime. Nothing huge in there either, so I'm going to skip ahead to that unless someone protests.

[nightkr]

Nevermind, the 5.2.0 image isn't up yet. Upgrading to 5.1.0 in the meantime, and we can revisit once it is.