Fix exception types in arcade.sound

[pushfoo]

Changes

1. Use TypeError instead of ValueError when the wrong types are passed to sound helpers
2. Add unit tests to verify this + helper text phrasing
3. Turn a raise into a raise from
4. Rephrase some exceptions and restructure their generation

The items in 4 are generally well-separated out and easy to revert, and I can understand if reviewers think we should do that.

This is a follow-up to some reading done for #1922.

[eruvanos]

Will merge after the small fix