gh-130396: Fix thread sanitizer crashes on stack overflow tests

[colesbury]

Thread sanitizer will often crash if a test uses more than half the stack.

• Issue: Implement stack overflow protection for linux based on actual stack depth #130396

[colesbury]

For example the following previously crashed with SIGBUS on exit, but works with the PR:

./python -m test -u cpu test_descr -m test_wrapper_segfault -v

I tested with reduce stack sizes as well (ulimit -s 4096 and ulimit -s 2048).

[mpage]

LGTM