Memory issues / many instances of MaxListenersExceededWarning when using Undici via Elasticsearch #3131

Bug Description

This is a follow-up to #1711. @KhafraDev asked that I file a separate issue because Elasticsearch does not appear to be using fetch, which is what was fixed in that issue (via #2823).

I've been running into what I think is the same or similar issue to what was reported in #1711 - lots of MaxListenersExceededWarnings being logged, and my service eventually runs out of memory and dies. When I run with --trace-warnings, the stacktrace points to Undici:

(node:14480) MaxListenersExceededWarning: Possible EventEmitter memory leak detected. 101 abort listeners added to [EventEmitter]. Use emitter.setMaxListeners() to increase limit
    at _addListener (node:events:588:17)
    at EventEmitter.addListener (node:events:606:10)
    at addAbortListener (/Users/daveyarwood/code/spark/node_modules/undici/lib/core/util.js:443:10)
    at addSignal (/Users/daveyarwood/code/spark/node_modules/undici/lib/api/abort-signal.js:36:3)
    at new RequestHandler (/Users/daveyarwood/code/spark/node_modules/undici/lib/api/api-request.js:66:5)
    at Pool.request (/Users/daveyarwood/code/spark/node_modules/undici/lib/api/api-request.js:171:25)
    at /Users/daveyarwood/code/spark/node_modules/undici/lib/api/api-request.js:164:15
    at new Promise (<anonymous>)
    at Pool.request (/Users/daveyarwood/code/spark/node_modules/undici/lib/api/api-request.js:163:12)

This is with Undici 6.13.0, which is a transitive dependency of @elastic/transport 8.5.0.

Reproducible By

I would be happy to provide a minimal repro case if I had any idea how to do that! :)

Please let me know if you have any ideas of things I can test in my setup.

Expected Behavior

• No MaxListenersExceededWarning messages should be logged.
• In a deployed environment, the memory graphs should not show available memory declining significantly, and the machine shouldn't run out of memory and die.

Environment

Local

2021 Macbook Pro M1 Max
macOS Sonoma 14.11
Node 20.9.0

I'm seeing the MaxListenersExceededWarnings when I run my service locally.

Deployed

My service is also running on a Linux server, in a Docker container with Node 20. I'm also seeing the MaxListenersExceededWarnings logged there, and the memory graph shows a significant decline in memory usage from the time the instance spins up to when it eventually runs out of memory and dies.

Additional context

I don't fully understand what @KhafraDev meant by Elasticsearch not using fetch. I looked through the @elastic/transport code base (on the v8.5.0 tag, which is the version I'm using) and I found UndiciConnection.ts, which appears to be where it's creating an Undici pool and calling request on it, but beyond that, I'm not sure what to look for.