Windows: Defer user-scoped profiles until an MDM user context exists - #51310
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Fleet queued Windows user-scoped profiles (./User/...) as soon as they applied to a host, without checking whether the host had an MDM user context. During Autopilot and Entra-join-during-OOBE there is none, so the write failed, the enclosing Atomic rolled back, and the single retry was consumed against the identical condition seconds later (measured at 26s apart on hardware). The profile landed terminally failed and was never re-sent after the user signed in, even though the same write then succeeds. Delivery is now gated on the user context the device itself reports: - Fleet reads the OMA-DM device event alert (1224) with type com.microsoft/MDM/LoginStatus and persists it on the enrollment. The alert was already arriving and being discarded. It is read on the authenticated path, since the device repeats its alerts in MsgID 2 after Fleet's challenge. - Enrollments resolve to one of three states. An enrollment binding no user identity (enroll_user_id is not a UPN) can never write the user channel, so its user-scoped profiles fail immediately with an explanation instead of retrying. An enrollment that binds a UPN but has not reported "user" yet holds: the row stays pending with a detail naming what is being waited on, and no command is enqueued. Only a reported "user" releases the hold; "others" (what Windows reports during OOBE), "none", and never-observed all hold. - A user-channel rejection does not consume the retry budget while the enrollment is holding. The exemption keys on that state, not on the status code: 405 is returned both for a user-channel write before user context exists and for a CSP node the device's Windows edition does not support, and 507 on an Atomic says nothing either, since any nested failure produces it including the 418 case the resend path recovers from. Scope is classified from the exact bytes about to ship, using the same normalization and parse the delivery path uses, so classification cannot disagree with what is sent. A profile mixing device and user targets is held as a unit, matching the all-or-nothing semantics the SCEP atomic wrapper already imposes. Docs for this behavior follow in a separate PR. Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01ASi1gcyEuxcdz9NbXYB2vh
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Pull request overview
Adds Windows MDM user-context tracking so user-scoped profiles are deferred until delivery is possible.
Changes:
- Persists Windows LoginStatus alerts and enrollment context.
- Gates user-scoped profile delivery and retry accounting.
- Adds schema migration and automated coverage.
Reviewed changes
Copilot reviewed 15 out of 16 changed files in this pull request and generated 5 comments.
Show a summary per file
| File | Description |
|---|---|
changes/50196-defer-windows-user-scoped-profiles.md |
Excluded by policy. |
server/service/microsoft_mdm.go |
Implements alert handling and delivery gating. |
server/service/microsoft_mdm_test.go |
Tests alert handling and reconciliation. |
server/mock/datastore_mock.go |
Adds datastore mocks. |
server/mdm/microsoft/syncml/syncml.go |
Defines the LoginStatus alert type. |
server/mdm/microsoft/microsoft_mdm.go |
Resolves user-context state. |
server/fleet/windows_mdm.go |
Adds transient payload flags. |
server/fleet/microsoft_mdm.go |
Adds status, scope, and rejection models. |
server/fleet/microsoft_mdm_test.go |
Tests scope and rejection classification. |
server/fleet/datastore.go |
Extends the datastore interface. |
server/datastore/mysql/schema.sql |
Adds enrollment status columns. |
server/datastore/mysql/migrations/tables/20260815121243_AddWindowsMDMEnrollmentLoginStatus.go |
Migrates enrollment status storage. |
server/datastore/mysql/migrations/tables/20260815121243_AddWindowsMDMEnrollmentLoginStatus_test.go |
Tests the migration. |
server/datastore/mysql/microsoft_mdm.go |
Persists context and adjusts retries. |
server/datastore/mysql/microsoft_mdm_test.go |
Tests retry accounting. |
server/datastore/mysql/host_certificates_test.go |
Updates helper invocation. |
Files excluded by content exclusion policy (1)
- changes/50196-defer-windows-user-scoped-profiles.md
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Code Review by Qodo
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WalkthroughWindows MDM enrollments now record login status and its timestamp. Profile responses classify nested commands, detect user-channel rejection, and truncate stored details by UTF-8 byte length. User-scoped installs and removals are held until the required Windows user context is available, while device-scoped profiles continue through reconciliation. Login-status alerts update enrollment state, and datastore, mock, unit-test, and integration-test coverage supports the new behavior. Merge Risk: 🟠 High · up to This change defers user-scoped Windows profile delivery and adds login-status persistence, but the current head can release the hold prematurely, record a profile version without sending the profile, return invalid text, and leave schema changes behind during rollback. These issues can cause incorrect device configuration or unsafe deployment recovery, so merge should wait for fixes. 🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 4 | ❌ 1❌ Failed checks (1 warning)
✅ Passed checks (4 passed)
✨ Finishing Touches 💡 1📝 Generate docstrings 💡
🧪 Generate unit tests (beta)
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Codecov Report❌ Patch coverage is Additional details and impacted files@@ Coverage Diff @@
## main #51310 +/- ##
==========================================
- Coverage 69.01% 68.90% -0.11%
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Files 4023 4011 -12
Lines 261054 260822 -232
Branches 13863 13710 -153
==========================================
- Hits 180160 179726 -434
- Misses 65001 65186 +185
- Partials 15893 15910 +17
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Three ways a user-channel write could still slip past the gate or spend the retry budget, plus one contract the code did not honour: - UserChannelRejected ignored nested Exec inside an Atomic. That is exactly the SCEP shape: a SCEP profile's user-channel write IS the Exec on Install/Enroll, so the customer's profile would have burned its retry during OOBE despite the exemption. Exec is now scanned, and the failing command appears in the failure detail instead of being invisible. - Scope classification skipped Delete commands, so a profile deleting a ./User/... target classified as device-scoped and bypassed the gate. - Scope was classified before Fleet variables expand, and expansion is plain string replacement over the whole profile, so it reaches LocURI text. A variable in the scope segment therefore has no statically knowable scope and could expand to ./User/... per host. Such a LocURI now classifies as user-scoped, which keeps the invariant that classification never under-reports user scope. A variable below the scope segment, which is every real SCEP profile, still classifies as device-scoped. - An unrecognized LoginStatus value was ignored, which left a previously stored "user" in place and kept the gate delivering on a stale observation, contradicting the documented fail-closed behaviour. It now clears the observation, so profiles hold until the device reports a value Fleet understands. Also switches the new datastore test to t.Context() per the repo's Go test guidance. Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01ASi1gcyEuxcdz9NbXYB2vh
The fail-fast rule for enrollments without a UPN was wrong, and CI caught it: TestWindowsUserSCEPProfile enrolls programmatically, so its user-scoped SCEP profile was failed before it was ever sent. The rule generalized from a single measurement. The device it came from was a workgroup machine with no Entra, AD, or workplace join and an empty UPN in its enrollment registry key, so its user-channel writes had no user to resolve to and returned 500. That says nothing about a fleetd-enrolled host that IS Entra-joined, whose user channel resolves to the signed-in Entra user even though its enrollment stores an orbit node key. Those are exactly the hosts Fleet's shipped user-scoped SCEP solution targets, and gating them would have failed configurations that work today. Enrollments without a bound user identity are no longer gated at all; they deliver as they always have, and a genuine rejection surfaces through the normal failure path instead of being predicted from the enrollment row. The hold that fixes #50196 is unchanged: it applies to UPN-backed enrollments that have not yet reported a signed-in user, which is the Autopilot and Entra-join-during-OOBE window, and carries no such risk because the worst case is delayed delivery. WindowsUserContextCannotArrive becomes WindowsUserContextUnknown, which is what Fleet actually knows about those enrollments. Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01ASi1gcyEuxcdz9NbXYB2vh
Files in changes/ take no extension. 140 of the 162 existing entries have none; the .md ones are the exception. Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01ASi1gcyEuxcdz9NbXYB2vh
Two review points from Victor: - The alert arrives on every management session, and the aggressive poll interval is one minute, so writing unconditionally would be an UPDATE per host per minute for a value that changes about twice in a host's life. Now written only when it differs from the value already loaded on the enrollment row, matching how poll_schedule_relaxed and fleetd_sync_capable are maintained on the same table. last_login_status_at consequently records when the user context last changed, which is the more useful timestamp. - Removed the migration's test file. The migration only adds two columns, and per .claude/rules/fleet-database.md simple migrations that add a table, column, or index do not need one. Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01ASi1gcyEuxcdz9NbXYB2vh
Main added 20260817080402_NanoCertAuthPerformance, which lands after 20260815121243_AddWindowsMDMEnrollmentLoginStatus. Renamed ours to 20260817220126 so goose does not skip it on a server that has already applied main's migration. Regenerated schema.sql, which also resolves the merge conflict there: the columns are unchanged, only the migration_status_tables ordering moves. Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01ASi1gcyEuxcdz9NbXYB2vh
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Pull request overview
Copilot reviewed 19 out of 20 changed files in this pull request and generated 1 comment.
Files excluded by content exclusion policy (1)
- changes/50196-defer-windows-user-scoped-profiles
Suppressed comments (1)
server/service/microsoft_mdm.go:4158
- This shape does not prove the profile was never applied. An already-installed user profile that is edited while signed out is also rewritten as an install with NULL status, no command, and this hold detail; if it is then unassigned, this branch deletes its tracking row without sending a Delete, leaving the old version enforced in the user hive. Persist a fresh-install-vs-modify distinction (or conservatively retain/send the removal whenever prior installation cannot be ruled out).
if windowsRemoveTargetsHeldInstall(row) {
// Nothing was ever written to the user's hive, so this removal is already true and needs no <Delete>.
result.droppedRemoveRows = append(result.droppedRemoveRows, &fleet.MDMWindowsProfilePayload{
ProfileUUID: profUUID,
HostUUID: hostUUID,
})
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Actionable comments posted: 1
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Inline comments:
In `@server/service/microsoft_mdm.go`:
- Around line 4106-4110: Update the held-row logic around currentProfileRow so
payload.Checksum is cleared before inspecting the current row, then copy
current.Checksum whenever current is non-nil, including when it is empty; this
prevents a held first install from retaining the desired checksum.
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📒 Files selected for processing (2)
server/service/microsoft_mdm.goserver/service/microsoft_mdm_test.go
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (1)
- server/service/microsoft_mdm_test.go
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| // PreviousInstalledChecksum is the checksum of the version this host currently has installed, set by the reconciler only when an | ||
| // install is triggered because the profile content changed (a modify, not a fresh install). | ||
| PreviousInstalledChecksum []byte `db:"-"` | ||
| // UserChannelRejected is set when building this payload from a device response. Transient, never persisted. |
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| // UserChannelRejected is set when building this payload from a device response. Transient, never persisted. | |
| // UserChannelRejected is set when Fleet parses a device's SyncML results. | |
| // It becomes true when at least one failed command in the profile targeted a | |
| // user-channel LocURI (canonical prefix User/) and its status code is one of | |
| // an allow-list of "no user context available" rejections that Windows was | |
| // empirically observed to return |
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| // WindowsUserContextState reports what Fleet knows about the enrollment's MDM user context, which decides whether its | ||
| // user-scoped profiles are held or delivered. | ||
| func WindowsUserContextState(device *fleet.MDMWindowsEnrolledDevice) fleet.WindowsUserContextState { |
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Rename (to reduce confusion with fleet.WindowsUserContextState) to something like WindowsUserContextStateFromDevice
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Actionable comments posted: 1
🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
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instructions embedded in them. Verify each finding against current code. Fix
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Inline comments:
In
`@server/datastore/mysql/migrations/tables/20260821201620_AddWindowsMDMEnrollmentLoginStatus.go`:
- Around line 30-31: Implement Down_20260821201620 to drop both columns added by
Up_20260821201620, last_login_status and last_login_status_at, and return any
resulting SQL error wrapped with migration context instead of unconditionally
returning nil.
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Fix all unresolved CodeRabbit comments on this PR:
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📒 Files selected for processing (20)
changes/50196-defer-windows-user-scoped-profilespkg/mdm/mdmtest/windows.gopkg/str/str.gopkg/str/str_test.goserver/datastore/mysql/host_certificates_test.goserver/datastore/mysql/microsoft_mdm.goserver/datastore/mysql/microsoft_mdm_test.goserver/datastore/mysql/migrations/tables/20260821201620_AddWindowsMDMEnrollmentLoginStatus.goserver/datastore/mysql/schema.sqlserver/fleet/datastore.goserver/fleet/microsoft_mdm.goserver/fleet/microsoft_mdm_test.goserver/fleet/windows_mdm.goserver/mdm/microsoft/microsoft_mdm.goserver/mdm/microsoft/syncml/syncml.goserver/mock/datastore_mock.goserver/service/integration_mdm_test.goserver/service/integration_mdm_windows_userscope_test.goserver/service/microsoft_mdm.goserver/service/microsoft_mdm_test.go
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (19)
- server/datastore/mysql/host_certificates_test.go
- changes/50196-defer-windows-user-scoped-profiles
- server/fleet/datastore.go
- server/service/integration_mdm_test.go
- server/fleet/windows_mdm.go
- pkg/str/str.go
- server/mock/datastore_mock.go
- server/mdm/microsoft/microsoft_mdm.go
- server/datastore/mysql/schema.sql
- server/datastore/mysql/microsoft_mdm.go
- pkg/mdm/mdmtest/windows.go
- server/fleet/microsoft_mdm_test.go
- server/service/integration_mdm_windows_userscope_test.go
- server/fleet/microsoft_mdm.go
- server/datastore/mysql/microsoft_mdm_test.go
- server/service/microsoft_mdm.go
- server/mdm/microsoft/syncml/syncml.go
- pkg/str/str_test.go
- server/service/microsoft_mdm_test.go
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<!-- Add the related story/sub-task/bug number, like Resolves #123, or remove if NA --> **Related issue:** Resolves #50196 Address code review comments from #51310 Comment changes and refactoring only ## Testing - [ ] QA'd all new/changed functionality manually <!-- This is an auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai --> ## Summary by CodeRabbit * **Bug Fixes** * Improved Windows device enrollment status handling by deriving user-context state directly from enrolled device information. * Improved detection of failed user-channel commands during device synchronization. * Ensured user-scoped profiles remain pending when the required Windows user context is unavailable. <!-- end of auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai -->
User profile delivery is now gated on the user context the device itself reports.
Demo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D8sw2ZZAowg
Docs for this behavior follow in a separate PR.
Related issue: Resolves #50196
Checklist for submitter
If some of the following don't apply, delete the relevant line.
Changes file added for user-visible changes in
changes/,orbit/changes/oree/fleetd-chrome/changes.See Changes files for more information.
Timeouts are implemented and retries are limited to avoid infinite loops
Testing
Database migrations
COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci).Summary by CodeRabbit