GH-38703: [C++][FS][Azure] Implement DeleteFile()

[av8or1]

Rationale for this change

Completed the modifications to implement the DeleteFile() method to support deletion of files on ADLS.

What changes are included in this PR?

Modified:
~cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/azurerefs.cc
~cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/azurerefs_test.cc
These modifications implement the method and provide regression testing, respectively.

Are these changes tested?

I tested the modification by creating a file via the web browser on our internal ADLS, then ran a sample program that deleted the file. I added three regression tests to cover the use case scenarios of:

1. A valid delete attempt, where "valid" means that the file exists and is indeed a file
2. An intentional failure where a file delete is attempted, but the file does not exist
3. An intentional failure where a file delete is attempted, but the target is not a file

Are there any user-facing changes?

This is my first contribution to the Arrow library. Therefore I am not certain if the addition of a relatively low-level feature such as this would propagate to external documentation. That said, given the target audience of the library (developers), I would imagine that such a method would have documentation.

• Closes: [C++][FS][Azure] Implement DeleteFile() #38703

[github-actions]

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See also:

• Other pull requests
• Contribution Guidelines - Contributing Overview

[kou]

@av8or1

1. Could you read the auto generated comment GH-38703: [C++][FS][Azure] Implement DeleteFile() #39648 (comment) and follow the description?
2. Could you fill our pull request template?
3. Could you rebase on main and resolve a conflict?

[av8or1]

1. Could you read the auto generated comment [C++][FS][Azure] Implement DeleteFile() #39648 (comment) and follow the description?

Sure, I'll do that straight away.

2. Could you fill our pull request template?

I did this at the time I opened the pull request. I suppose that it was the location within the template that I put my commentary that caused it to not be included? Dunno, but I'll revisit this and re-enter my original commentary.

3. Could you rebase on main and resolve a conflict?

Is that how conflicts should be resolved? I have not done a rebase in quite a while, so I'll go back and take a look at exactly what that means and how to proceed. I'll update this PR as I make progress.

Thank you for the feedback.

[av8or1]

OK, #1 and #2 are completed. Working on the rebase ...

Note that the modifications that I made to azurefs_test.cc were limited to augmentations. That is, I didn't modify any existing tests, I just added new tests of my own. FWIW.