Stdlib: HashContext::__debugInfo() — hide hash state (#7084)

[PurHur]

Summary

• Register HashContext::__debugInfo() VM builtin returning ['algo' => '<name>'] only (php-src ext/hash/hash.c ZEND_METHOD(HashContext, __debugInfo)).
• Add VmHashNative::resolveAlgoName() for canonical registered algorithm names.
• Compliance + unit tests guard var_dump redaction.

Closes #7084

php-src reference

• ext/hash/hash.c — ZEND_METHOD(HashContext, __debugInfo) exposes hash->ops->algo only
• PHP implementation: ext/hash/HashContextDebugInfo.php, ext/hash/VmHashContext.php

Verification

./script/docker-exec.sh -- bash -lc 'source script/php-env.sh && vendor/bin/phpunit --filter hash_context_debug_info'
# OK (3 tests, 3 assertions)

./script/docker-exec.sh -- bash -lc 'source script/php-env.sh && vendor/bin/phpunit --filter HashModuleTest'
# OK (4 tests, 10 assertions)

AOT note: Incremental hash API (hash_init/hash_update/…) remains VM-only (#7174); __debugInfo is a VmClassMethod on the same path — no new C runtime or AOT stub surface.

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