Fix invalid DateTimeZone id — DateInvalidTimeZoneException (#7279)

[PurHur]

Summary

• Register DateException and DateInvalidTimeZoneException in ThrowableManifest (php-src ext/date/php_date.h).
• Replace fatal LogicException on bad timezone ids with catchable DateInvalidTimeZoneException via NativeDateInvalidTimeZoneException bridge (host PHP 8.2 lacks the native class).
• VM implementation in lib/VM/DateTimeSupport.php; no new C runtime logic.

php-src reference

• ext/date/php_datetimezone.c — invalid timezone id throws DateInvalidTimeZoneException

Verification

./script/docker-exec.sh -- bash -lc 'source script/php-env.sh && php bin/vm.php test/repro/maintainer_datetimezone_invalid.php'
# DateInvalidTimeZoneException: DateTimeZone::__construct(): Unknown or bad timezone (Not/A/Timezone)

./script/docker-exec.sh -- bash -lc 'source script/php-env.sh && vendor/bin/phpunit test/compliance/VMTest.php --filter datetimezone_invalid_id'
# OK (1 test)

./script/docker-exec.sh -- bash -lc 'source script/php-env.sh && vendor/bin/phpunit test/compliance/VMTest.php --filter datetime test/unit/DateTimeTest.php'
# OK (3 tests)

Closes #7279

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