fix(storage): preserve CAS ownership through delta publication and compaction

[DecisionNerd]

Direct composite mutation after construction failed because delta preparation and compaction assumed a generation-owned graph directory. Resolve the selected ownership, preserve mapped CAS roots and immutable payload reuse, and retain the CAS publication lease through CURRENT. Compaction preserves complete participants and publishes its existing private replay output without a second staging copy.

Persist runtime catalog and label marker through authenticated durable replacement, and include observed runtime names in the delta candidate. The Parquet writer retains its existing encoding defaults; broader policy work stays in #1213 and multi-relationship replay repair in #1218.

Validation:

• Two public CAS regressions: construction → composite/direct delta → reopen/query → compaction → export/full verify/clean import; cancellation, old streams, retries, complete participants and physical payload reuse.
• 26 delta/compaction integration tests, 10 unit/crash tests, 19 composite tests, 30 bulk-construction tests and the public resumable-construction surface test pass.
• A real CAS catalog/marker alias regression passes locally and is explicitly selected in Windows and macOS native CI.
• Workspace Clippy, formatting, pre-push-fast and gate-registry checks pass. Independent review findings were verified and fixed.
• Measured compiled serial tests: 5.38 seconds, 142,932 KiB peak RSS. Private controls/run allocate 24,576/188,416 bytes at 33/4,097 nodes, bounded at 256 KiB; node/property payloads retain CAS file identities. Raw CPU, syscall I/O and scope limitations are recorded in docs/development/evidence/cas-delta-ownership-1219.json.

Closes #1219.

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