[3.12] gh-113602: Bail out when the parser tries to override existing errors (GH-113607) (#113652)

gh-113602: Bail out when the parser tries to override existing errors (GH-113607)
(cherry picked from commit 9ed36d5)

Signed-off-by: Pablo Galindo <pablogsal@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Pablo Galindo Salgado <Pablogsal@gmail.com>

Author: miss-islington

Lib/test/test_syntax.py

@@ -2322,6 +2322,8 @@ def test_error_parenthesis(self):
 """
         self._check_error(code, "parenthesis '\\)' does not match opening parenthesis '\\['")
 
+        self._check_error("match y:\n case e(e=v,v,", " was never closed")
+
         # Examples with dencodings
         s = b'# coding=latin\n(aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa\naaaaaaaaaaa\xb5'
         self._check_error(s, r"'\(' was never closed")

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2024-01-01-00-07-02.gh-issue-113602.cWuTzk.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Fix an error that was causing the parser to try to overwrite existing errors
+and crashing in the process. Patch by Pablo Galindo

Parser/pegen_errors.c

@@ -309,6 +309,10 @@ _PyPegen_raise_error_known_location(Parser *p, PyObject *errtype,
                                     Py_ssize_t end_lineno, Py_ssize_t end_col_offset,
                                     const char *errmsg, va_list va)
 {
+    // Bail out if we already have an error set.
+    if (p->error_indicator && PyErr_Occurred()) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
     PyObject *value = NULL;
     PyObject *errstr = NULL;
     PyObject *error_line = NULL;