From 302611e1eb7ca2a193f8d643390334eb05bbde1e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Pooya Parsa <pooya@pi0.io>
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2025 17:21:30 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 1/6] feat: use subpath imports for mocked virtuals

---
 package.json                                  |  5 ++--
 src/build/plugins/resolve.ts                  |  7 ++---
 src/build/virtual/database.ts                 |  2 +-
 src/build/virtual/error-handler.ts            |  2 +-
 src/build/virtual/feature-flags.ts            |  2 +-
 src/build/virtual/plugins.ts                  |  2 +-
 src/build/virtual/public-assets.ts            | 22 ++++++++--------
 src/build/virtual/renderer-template.ts        |  2 +-
 src/build/virtual/routing-meta.ts             |  2 +-
 src/build/virtual/routing.ts                  |  4 +--
 src/build/virtual/runtime-config.ts           |  2 +-
 src/build/virtual/server-assets.ts            |  2 +-
 src/build/virtual/storage.ts                  |  4 +--
 src/build/virtual/tasks.ts                    |  2 +-
 src/build/virtual/types/feature-flags.d.ts    |  7 -----
 src/build/virtual/types/plugins.d.ts          |  3 ---
 src/build/virtual/types/public-assets.d.ts    |  5 ----
 .../virtual/types/renderer-template.d.ts      |  7 -----
 src/build/virtual/types/routing-meta.d.ts     |  8 ------
 src/build/virtual/types/routing.d.ts          | 26 -------------------
 src/build/virtual/types/runtime-config.d.ts   |  3 ---
 src/build/virtual/types/server-assets.d.ts    |  3 ---
 src/build/virtual/types/storage.d.ts          |  3 ---
 src/presets/_nitro/runtime/nitro-dev.ts       |  8 +++---
 src/presets/_nitro/runtime/service-worker.ts  |  2 +-
 src/presets/bun/runtime/bun.ts                |  8 +++---
 src/presets/cloudflare/entry-exports.ts       |  2 +-
 .../cloudflare/runtime/_module-handler.ts     |  2 +-
 .../cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-durable.ts  |  6 ++---
 .../cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-module.ts   |  6 ++---
 .../cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-pages.ts    |  8 +++---
 src/presets/deno/runtime/deno-deploy.ts       |  4 +--
 src/presets/deno/runtime/deno-server.ts       |  8 +++---
 src/presets/netlify/runtime/netlify-edge.ts   |  2 +-
 src/presets/node/runtime/node-cluster.ts      |  8 +++---
 src/presets/node/runtime/node-middleware.ts   |  6 ++---
 src/presets/node/runtime/node-server.ts       |  8 +++---
 src/runtime/internal/app.ts                   | 12 +++++----
 src/runtime/internal/database.ts              |  2 +-
 src/runtime/internal/routes/dev-tasks.ts      |  2 +-
 src/runtime/internal/routes/openapi.ts        |  2 +-
 .../internal/routes/renderer-template.dev.ts  |  2 +-
 .../internal/routes/renderer-template.ts      |  2 +-
 src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts        |  2 +-
 src/runtime/internal/static.ts                |  2 +-
 src/runtime/internal/storage.ts               |  2 +-
 src/runtime/internal/task.ts                  |  2 +-
 .../internal/virtual/database.ts}             |  4 +--
 .../internal/virtual/error-handler.ts}        |  4 ++-
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/feature-flags.ts |  7 +++++
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/plugins.d.ts     |  3 +++
 .../internal/virtual}/polyfills.ts            |  0
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/public-assets.ts | 15 +++++++++++
 .../internal/virtual/renderer-template.ts     |  7 +++++
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing-meta.ts  |  7 +++++
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing.ts       | 26 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../internal/virtual/runtime-config.ts        |  6 +++++
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/server-assets.ts | 13 ++++++++++
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/storage.ts       |  5 ++++
 .../internal/virtual/tasks.ts}                |  0
 src/runtime/internal/vite/dev-entry.mjs       |  4 +--
 src/runtime/internal/vite/ssr-renderer.mjs    |  2 +-
 tsconfig.json                                 |  2 +-
 63 files changed, 182 insertions(+), 156 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 src/build/virtual/types/feature-flags.d.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/build/virtual/types/plugins.d.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/build/virtual/types/public-assets.d.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/build/virtual/types/renderer-template.d.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/build/virtual/types/routing-meta.d.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/build/virtual/types/routing.d.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/build/virtual/types/runtime-config.d.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/build/virtual/types/server-assets.d.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/build/virtual/types/storage.d.ts
 rename src/{build/virtual/types/database.d.ts => runtime/internal/virtual/database.ts} (73%)
 rename src/{build/virtual/types/error-handler.d.ts => runtime/internal/virtual/error-handler.ts} (74%)
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/feature-flags.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/plugins.d.ts
 rename src/{build/virtual/types => runtime/internal/virtual}/polyfills.ts (100%)
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/public-assets.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/renderer-template.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing-meta.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/runtime-config.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/server-assets.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/storage.ts
 rename src/{build/virtual/types/tasks.d.ts => runtime/internal/virtual/tasks.ts} (100%)

diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 93205b5566..d4359515ef 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -27,8 +27,9 @@
     "./vite": "./dist/vite.mjs"
   },
   "imports": {
-    "#runtime/*": "./dist/runtime/internal/*.mjs",
-    "#vite-runtime": "./dist/runtime/vite-runtime.mjs"
+    "#nitro/runtime/*": "./dist/runtime/internal/*.mjs",
+    "#nitro/vite/runtime": "./dist/runtime/vite-runtime.mjs",
+    "#nitro/virtual/*": "./dist/builder/virtual/*.mjs"
   },
   "types": "./lib/index.d.mts",
   "bin": {
diff --git a/src/build/plugins/resolve.ts b/src/build/plugins/resolve.ts
index 12133183ec..dc95524efc 100644
--- a/src/build/plugins/resolve.ts
+++ b/src/build/plugins/resolve.ts
@@ -14,11 +14,8 @@ export function nitroResolveIds(): Plugin {
       order: "pre",
       handler(id, importer, rOpts) {
         // Resolve ids with a virtual template parent
-        if (
-          importer &&
-          importer.startsWith("\0nitro:virtual:#nitro-internal-virtual")
-        ) {
-          return this.resolve(id, runtimeDir, { skipSelf: true });
+        if (importer?.includes("#nitro/virtual")) {
+          return this.resolve(id, runtimeDir, { ...rOpts });
         }
         // Resolve mapped subpaths
         const mappedId = subpathMap[id as keyof typeof subpathMap];
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/database.ts b/src/build/virtual/database.ts
index 391e2efc40..671eb636ce 100644
--- a/src/build/virtual/database.ts
+++ b/src/build/virtual/database.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { camelCase } from "scule";
 
 export default function database(nitro: Nitro) {
   return {
-    id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/database",
+    id: "#nitro/virtual/database",
     template: () => {
       if (!nitro.options.experimental.database) {
         return /* js */ `export const connectionConfigs = {};`;
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/error-handler.ts b/src/build/virtual/error-handler.ts
index 25f8e4c8df..02edc1e63b 100644
--- a/src/build/virtual/error-handler.ts
+++ b/src/build/virtual/error-handler.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { join } from "pathe";
 
 export default function errorHandler(nitro: Nitro) {
   return {
-    id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/error-handler",
+    id: "#nitro/virtual/error-handler",
     template: () => {
       const errorHandlers = Array.isArray(nitro.options.errorHandler)
         ? nitro.options.errorHandler
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/feature-flags.ts b/src/build/virtual/feature-flags.ts
index 51f60ac9a4..b603a92996 100644
--- a/src/build/virtual/feature-flags.ts
+++ b/src/build/virtual/feature-flags.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { Nitro } from "nitro/types";
 
 export default function featureFlags(nitro: Nitro) {
   return {
-    id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/feature-flags",
+    id: "#nitro/virtual/feature-flags",
     template: () => {
       const featureFlags: Record<string, boolean> = {
         // Routing
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/plugins.ts b/src/build/virtual/plugins.ts
index 6d8186ddd2..0465b00dec 100644
--- a/src/build/virtual/plugins.ts
+++ b/src/build/virtual/plugins.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { hash } from "ohash";
 
 export default function plugins(nitro: Nitro) {
   return {
-    id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/plugins",
+    id: "#nitro/virtual/plugins",
     template: () => {
       const nitroPlugins = [...new Set(nitro.options.plugins)];
 
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/public-assets.ts b/src/build/virtual/public-assets.ts
index b15b9e24bc..1d30782f60 100644
--- a/src/build/virtual/public-assets.ts
+++ b/src/build/virtual/public-assets.ts
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ export default function publicAssets(nitro: Nitro) {
   return [
     // public-assets-data
     {
-      id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets-data",
+      id: "#nitro/virtual/public-assets-data",
       template: async () => {
         const assets: Record<string, PublicAsset> = {};
         const files = await glob("**", {
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ export default function publicAssets(nitro: Nitro) {
 
     // public-assets
     {
-      id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets",
+      id: "#nitro/virtual/public-assets",
       template: () => {
         const publicAssetBases = Object.fromEntries(
           nitro.options.publicAssets
@@ -90,10 +90,10 @@ export default function publicAssets(nitro: Nitro) {
         type _serveStaticAsKey = Exclude<typeof nitro.options.serveStatic, boolean> | "true" | "false";
         // prettier-ignore
         const handlerName = readAssetHandler[nitro.options.serveStatic as _serveStaticAsKey] || "null";
-        const readAssetImport = `#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets-${handlerName}`;
+        const readAssetImport = `#nitro/virtual/public-assets-${handlerName}`;
 
         return /* js */ `
-import assets from '#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets-data'
+import assets from '#nitro/virtual/public-assets-data'
 export { readAsset } from "${readAssetImport}"
 export const publicAssetBases = ${JSON.stringify(publicAssetBases)}
 
@@ -125,13 +125,13 @@ export function getAsset (id) {
 
     // public-assets-node
     {
-      id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets-node",
+      id: "#nitro/virtual/public-assets-node",
       template: () => {
         return /* js */ `
 import { promises as fsp } from 'node:fs'
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
 import { resolve, dirname } from 'node:path'
-import assets from '#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets-data'
+import assets from '#nitro/virtual/public-assets-data'
 export function readAsset (id) {
   const serverDir = dirname(fileURLToPath(globalThis.__nitro_main__))
   return fsp.readFile(resolve(serverDir, assets[id].path))
@@ -141,10 +141,10 @@ export function readAsset (id) {
 
     // public-assets-deno
     {
-      id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets-deno",
+      id: "#nitro/virtual/public-assets-deno",
       template: () => {
         return /* js */ `
-import assets from '#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets-data'
+import assets from '#nitro/virtual/public-assets-data'
 export function readAsset (id) {
   // https://deno.com/deploy/docs/serve-static-assets
   const path = '.' + decodeURIComponent(new URL(\`../public\${id}\`, 'file://').pathname)
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ export function readAsset (id) {
 
     // public-assets-null
     {
-      id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets-null",
+      id: "#nitro/virtual/public-assets-null",
       template: () => {
         return /* js */ `
     export function readAsset (id) {
@@ -166,10 +166,10 @@ export function readAsset (id) {
 
     // public-assets-inline
     {
-      id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets-inline",
+      id: "#nitro/virtual/public-assets-inline",
       template: () => {
         return /* js */ `
-  import assets from '#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets-data'
+  import assets from '#nitro/virtual/public-assets-data'
   export function readAsset (id) {
     if (!assets[id]) { return undefined }
     if (assets[id]._data) { return assets[id]._data }
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/renderer-template.ts b/src/build/virtual/renderer-template.ts
index fa1228e99d..ab15297b94 100644
--- a/src/build/virtual/renderer-template.ts
+++ b/src/build/virtual/renderer-template.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import {
 
 export default function rendererTemplate(nitro: Nitro) {
   return {
-    id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/renderer-template",
+    id: "#nitro/virtual/renderer-template",
     template: async () => {
       const template = nitro.options.renderer?.template;
       if (typeof template !== "string") {
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/routing-meta.ts b/src/build/virtual/routing-meta.ts
index 5bd88779ee..e865955700 100644
--- a/src/build/virtual/routing-meta.ts
+++ b/src/build/virtual/routing-meta.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { Nitro } from "nitro/types";
 
 export default function routingMeta(nitro: Nitro) {
   return {
-    id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/routing-meta",
+    id: "#nitro/virtual/routing-meta",
     template: () => {
       const routeHandlers = uniqueBy(
         Object.values(nitro.routing.routes.routes).flatMap((h) => h.data),
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/routing.ts b/src/build/virtual/routing.ts
index 4275106a6d..3d3b171f66 100644
--- a/src/build/virtual/routing.ts
+++ b/src/build/virtual/routing.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ export const RuntimeRouteRules = [
 
 export default function routing(nitro: Nitro) {
   return {
-    id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/routing",
+    id: "#nitro/virtual/routing",
     template: () => {
       const allHandlers = uniqueBy(
         [
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export default function routing(nitro: Nitro) {
       );
 
       return /* js */ `
-import * as __routeRules__ from "#runtime/route-rules";
+import * as __routeRules__ from "#nitro/runtime/route-rules";
 import * as srvxNode from "srvx/node"
 import * as h3 from "h3";
 
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/runtime-config.ts b/src/build/virtual/runtime-config.ts
index d2f3da76a7..c667c9c669 100644
--- a/src/build/virtual/runtime-config.ts
+++ b/src/build/virtual/runtime-config.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { Nitro } from "nitro/types";
 
 export default function runtimeConfig(nitro: Nitro) {
   return {
-    id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/runtime-config",
+    id: "#nitro/virtual/runtime-config",
     template: () => {
       return /* js */ `export const runtimeConfig = ${JSON.stringify(
         nitro.options.runtimeConfig || {}
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/server-assets.ts b/src/build/virtual/server-assets.ts
index e6a96f527d..ad5fb1d087 100644
--- a/src/build/virtual/server-assets.ts
+++ b/src/build/virtual/server-assets.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ interface ResolvedAsset {
 
 export default function serverAssets(nitro: Nitro) {
   return {
-    id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/server-assets",
+    id: "#nitro/virtual/server-assets",
     template: async () => {
       if (nitro.options.dev || nitro.options.preset === "nitro-prerender") {
         return /* js */ `
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/storage.ts b/src/build/virtual/storage.ts
index 059e59c061..37377d651a 100644
--- a/src/build/virtual/storage.ts
+++ b/src/build/virtual/storage.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { builtinDrivers } from "unstorage";
 
 export default function storage(nitro: Nitro) {
   return {
-    id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/storage",
+    id: "#nitro/virtual/storage",
     template: () => {
       const mounts: { path: string; driver: string; opts: object }[] = [];
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ export default function storage(nitro: Nitro) {
 
       return /* js */ `
 import { createStorage } from 'unstorage'
-import { assets } from '#nitro-internal-virtual/server-assets'
+import { assets } from '#nitro/virtual/server-assets'
 
 ${driverImports.map((i) => genImport(i, genSafeVariableName(i))).join("\n")}
 
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/tasks.ts b/src/build/virtual/tasks.ts
index 83906c8fc3..2560f7574f 100644
--- a/src/build/virtual/tasks.ts
+++ b/src/build/virtual/tasks.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { normalize } from "pathe";
 
 export default function tasks(nitro: Nitro) {
   return {
-    id: "#nitro-internal-virtual/tasks",
+    id: "#nitro/virtual/tasks",
     template: () => {
       const _scheduledTasks = Object.entries(nitro.options.scheduledTasks || {})
         .map(([cron, _tasks]) => {
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/types/feature-flags.d.ts b/src/build/virtual/types/feature-flags.d.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index cf394dbb50..0000000000
--- a/src/build/virtual/types/feature-flags.d.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-export const hasRoutes: boolean;
-export const hasRouteRules: boolean;
-export const hasGlobalMiddleware: boolean;
-export const hasRoutedMiddleware: boolean;
-export const hasPlugins: boolean;
-export const hasHooks: boolean;
-export const hasWebSocket: boolean;
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/types/plugins.d.ts b/src/build/virtual/types/plugins.d.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 8cf685b76b..0000000000
--- a/src/build/virtual/types/plugins.d.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-import type { NitroAppPlugin } from "../plugin.ts";
-
-export const plugins: NitroAppPlugin[] = [];
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/types/public-assets.d.ts b/src/build/virtual/types/public-assets.d.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 9f07b0dfa7..0000000000
--- a/src/build/virtual/types/public-assets.d.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-export const publicAssetBases: string[];
-export const isPublicAssetURL: (id: string) => boolean;
-export const getPublicAssetMeta: (id: string) => { maxAge?: number };
-export const readAsset: (id: string) => Promise<Buffer>;
-export const getAsset: (id: string) => PublicAsset;
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/types/renderer-template.d.ts b/src/build/virtual/types/renderer-template.d.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index acc6202fb9..0000000000
--- a/src/build/virtual/types/renderer-template.d.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-export declare function rendererTemplate(
-  request: Request
-): string | Promise<string>;
-
-// dev only
-export declare const rendererTemplateFile: string | undefined;
-export declare const isStaticTemplate: boolean | undefined;
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/types/routing-meta.d.ts b/src/build/virtual/types/routing-meta.d.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 873622fe22..0000000000
--- a/src/build/virtual/types/routing-meta.d.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-import type { OperationObject } from "../openapi-ts.ts";
-import { NitroRouteMeta } from "nitro/types";
-
-export const handlersMeta: {
-  route?: string;
-  method?: string;
-  meta?: NitroRouteMeta;
-}[];
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/types/routing.d.ts b/src/build/virtual/types/routing.d.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 2ee80d48c3..0000000000
--- a/src/build/virtual/types/routing.d.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-import type {
-  H3EventHandler,
-  Middleware,
-  H3Route,
-  LazyEventHandler,
-  RouterMethod,
-} from "h3";
-import type { MatchedRoute } from "rou3";
-import type { MatchedRouteRule } from "../route-rules.ts";
-
-export function findRoute(
-  method: string,
-  path: string
-): MatchedRoute<H3Route> | undefined;
-
-export function findRouteRules(
-  method: string,
-  path: string
-): MatchedRoute<MatchedRouteRule[]>[];
-
-export const globalMiddleware: Middleware[];
-
-export function findRoutedMiddleware(
-  method: string,
-  path: string
-): MatchedRoute<Middleware>[];
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/types/runtime-config.d.ts b/src/build/virtual/types/runtime-config.d.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 8ab86fc756..0000000000
--- a/src/build/virtual/types/runtime-config.d.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-import type { NitroRuntimeConfig } from "../config.ts";
-
-export const runtimeConfig: NitroRuntimeConfig;
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/types/server-assets.d.ts b/src/build/virtual/types/server-assets.d.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index b710273313..0000000000
--- a/src/build/virtual/types/server-assets.d.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-export function readAsset<T = any>(id: string): Promise<T>;
-export function statAsset(id: string): Promise<AssetMeta>;
-export function getKeys(): Promise<string[]>;
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/types/storage.d.ts b/src/build/virtual/types/storage.d.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 67814fc38b..0000000000
--- a/src/build/virtual/types/storage.d.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-import type { Storage } from "unstorage";
-
-export declare const initStorage: () => Storage;
diff --git a/src/presets/_nitro/runtime/nitro-dev.ts b/src/presets/_nitro/runtime/nitro-dev.ts
index dacb215454..3b213fd957 100644
--- a/src/presets/_nitro/runtime/nitro-dev.ts
+++ b/src/presets/_nitro/runtime/nitro-dev.ts
@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ import { toNodeHandler } from "srvx/node";
 import { getSocketAddress, isSocketSupported } from "get-port-please";
 
 import { useNitroApp, useNitroHooks } from "nitro/app";
-import { startScheduleRunner } from "#runtime/task";
-import { trapUnhandledErrors } from "#runtime/error/hooks";
-import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#runtime/app";
-import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/feature-flags";
+import { startScheduleRunner } from "#nitro/runtime/task";
+import { trapUnhandledErrors } from "#nitro/runtime/error/hooks";
+import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#nitro/runtime/app";
+import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro/virtual/feature-flags";
 
 // Listen for shutdown signal from runner
 parentPort?.on("message", (msg) => {
diff --git a/src/presets/_nitro/runtime/service-worker.ts b/src/presets/_nitro/runtime/service-worker.ts
index ad6d872642..af577ba651 100644
--- a/src/presets/_nitro/runtime/service-worker.ts
+++ b/src/presets/_nitro/runtime/service-worker.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import "#nitro-internal-polyfills";
 import { useNitroApp } from "nitro/app";
-import { isPublicAssetURL } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets";
+import { isPublicAssetURL } from "#nitro/virtual/public-assets";
 import type { ServerRequest } from "srvx";
 
 const nitroApp = useNitroApp();
diff --git a/src/presets/bun/runtime/bun.ts b/src/presets/bun/runtime/bun.ts
index d3627a0a7c..900b8490d7 100644
--- a/src/presets/bun/runtime/bun.ts
+++ b/src/presets/bun/runtime/bun.ts
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ import { serve } from "srvx/bun";
 import wsAdapter from "crossws/adapters/bun";
 
 import { useNitroApp } from "nitro/app";
-import { startScheduleRunner } from "#runtime/task";
-import { trapUnhandledErrors } from "#runtime/error/hooks";
-import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#runtime/app";
-import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/feature-flags";
+import { startScheduleRunner } from "#nitro/runtime/task";
+import { trapUnhandledErrors } from "#nitro/runtime/error/hooks";
+import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#nitro/runtime/app";
+import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro/virtual/feature-flags";
 
 const port =
   Number.parseInt(process.env.NITRO_PORT || process.env.PORT || "") || 3000;
diff --git a/src/presets/cloudflare/entry-exports.ts b/src/presets/cloudflare/entry-exports.ts
index 1f90eb34c4..78f1579339 100644
--- a/src/presets/cloudflare/entry-exports.ts
+++ b/src/presets/cloudflare/entry-exports.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ export async function setupEntryExports(nitro: Nitro) {
   const originalEntry = nitro.options.entry;
 
   const virtualEntryId = (nitro.options.entry =
-    "#nitro-internal-virtual/cloudflare-server-entry");
+    "#nitro/virtual/cloudflare-server-entry");
   nitro.options.virtual[virtualEntryId] = /* ts */ `
       export * from "${exportsEntry}";
       export * from "${originalEntry}";
diff --git a/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/_module-handler.ts b/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/_module-handler.ts
index 1dca522c32..bedc9597ee 100644
--- a/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/_module-handler.ts
+++ b/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/_module-handler.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import type * as CF from "@cloudflare/workers-types";
 import type { ExportedHandler } from "@cloudflare/workers-types";
 import type { ServerRequest } from "srvx";
 
-import { runCronTasks } from "#runtime/task";
+import { runCronTasks } from "#nitro/runtime/task";
 import { useNitroApp, useNitroHooks } from "nitro/app";
 
 type MaybePromise<T> = T | Promise<T>;
diff --git a/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-durable.ts b/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-durable.ts
index 68b50708b7..627b23e08e 100644
--- a/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-durable.ts
+++ b/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-durable.ts
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ import wsAdapter from "crossws/adapters/cloudflare";
 import { createHandler, fetchHandler } from "./_module-handler.ts";
 
 import { useNitroApp, useNitroHooks } from "nitro/app";
-import { isPublicAssetURL } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets";
-import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#runtime/app";
-import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/feature-flags";
+import { isPublicAssetURL } from "#nitro/virtual/public-assets";
+import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#nitro/runtime/app";
+import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro/virtual/feature-flags";
 
 const DURABLE_BINDING = "$DurableObject";
 const DURABLE_INSTANCE = "server";
diff --git a/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-module.ts b/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-module.ts
index 2955f0b4dc..d1d14ea732 100644
--- a/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-module.ts
+++ b/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-module.ts
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ import "#nitro-internal-polyfills";
 import type { fetch } from "@cloudflare/workers-types";
 import wsAdapter from "crossws/adapters/cloudflare";
 
-import { isPublicAssetURL } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets";
+import { isPublicAssetURL } from "#nitro/virtual/public-assets";
 import { createHandler } from "./_module-handler.ts";
-import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#runtime/app";
-import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/feature-flags";
+import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#nitro/runtime/app";
+import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro/virtual/feature-flags";
 
 const ws = hasWebSocket
   ? wsAdapter({ resolve: resolveWebsocketHooks })
diff --git a/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-pages.ts b/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-pages.ts
index 3a2feb175f..4e500546d5 100644
--- a/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-pages.ts
+++ b/src/presets/cloudflare/runtime/cloudflare-pages.ts
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ import type {
 import wsAdapter from "crossws/adapters/cloudflare";
 
 import { useNitroApp } from "nitro/app";
-import { isPublicAssetURL } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets";
-import { runCronTasks } from "#runtime/task";
-import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#runtime/app";
-import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/feature-flags";
+import { isPublicAssetURL } from "#nitro/virtual/public-assets";
+import { runCronTasks } from "#nitro/runtime/task";
+import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#nitro/runtime/app";
+import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro/virtual/feature-flags";
 
 /**
  * Reference: https://developers.cloudflare.com/workers/runtime-apis/fetch-event/#parameters
diff --git a/src/presets/deno/runtime/deno-deploy.ts b/src/presets/deno/runtime/deno-deploy.ts
index f6e2c58aba..a39764d0fb 100644
--- a/src/presets/deno/runtime/deno-deploy.ts
+++ b/src/presets/deno/runtime/deno-deploy.ts
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import type { Deno as _Deno } from "@deno/types";
 import wsAdapter from "crossws/adapters/deno";
 
 import { useNitroApp } from "nitro/app";
-import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#runtime/app";
-import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/feature-flags";
+import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#nitro/runtime/app";
+import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro/virtual/feature-flags";
 
 declare global {
   var Deno: typeof _Deno;
diff --git a/src/presets/deno/runtime/deno-server.ts b/src/presets/deno/runtime/deno-server.ts
index 5e0f8d8968..f73d921658 100644
--- a/src/presets/deno/runtime/deno-server.ts
+++ b/src/presets/deno/runtime/deno-server.ts
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ import { serve } from "srvx/deno";
 import wsAdapter from "crossws/adapters/deno";
 
 import { useNitroApp } from "nitro/app";
-import { startScheduleRunner } from "#runtime/task";
-import { trapUnhandledErrors } from "#runtime/error/hooks";
-import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#runtime/app";
-import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/feature-flags";
+import { startScheduleRunner } from "#nitro/runtime/task";
+import { trapUnhandledErrors } from "#nitro/runtime/error/hooks";
+import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#nitro/runtime/app";
+import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro/virtual/feature-flags";
 
 const port =
   Number.parseInt(process.env.NITRO_PORT || process.env.PORT || "") || 3000;
diff --git a/src/presets/netlify/runtime/netlify-edge.ts b/src/presets/netlify/runtime/netlify-edge.ts
index f1efd45604..f5155cddfb 100644
--- a/src/presets/netlify/runtime/netlify-edge.ts
+++ b/src/presets/netlify/runtime/netlify-edge.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import "#nitro-internal-polyfills";
 import { useNitroApp } from "nitro/app";
-import { isPublicAssetURL } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets";
+import { isPublicAssetURL } from "#nitro/virtual/public-assets";
 import type { Context } from "@netlify/edge-functions";
 import type { ServerRequest } from "srvx";
 
diff --git a/src/presets/node/runtime/node-cluster.ts b/src/presets/node/runtime/node-cluster.ts
index 9c3ffc8334..de2eb00f66 100644
--- a/src/presets/node/runtime/node-cluster.ts
+++ b/src/presets/node/runtime/node-cluster.ts
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ import { NodeRequest, serve } from "srvx/node";
 import wsAdapter from "crossws/adapters/node";
 
 import { useNitroApp } from "nitro/app";
-import { startScheduleRunner } from "#runtime/task";
-import { trapUnhandledErrors } from "#runtime/error/hooks";
-import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#runtime/app";
-import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/feature-flags";
+import { startScheduleRunner } from "#nitro/runtime/task";
+import { trapUnhandledErrors } from "#nitro/runtime/error/hooks";
+import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#nitro/runtime/app";
+import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro/virtual/feature-flags";
 
 const port =
   Number.parseInt(process.env.NITRO_PORT || process.env.PORT || "") || 3000;
diff --git a/src/presets/node/runtime/node-middleware.ts b/src/presets/node/runtime/node-middleware.ts
index 0af507abf9..50dd3b4708 100644
--- a/src/presets/node/runtime/node-middleware.ts
+++ b/src/presets/node/runtime/node-middleware.ts
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ import { toNodeHandler } from "srvx/node";
 import wsAdapter from "crossws/adapters/node";
 
 import { useNitroApp } from "nitro/app";
-import { startScheduleRunner } from "#runtime/task";
-import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#runtime/app";
-import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/feature-flags";
+import { startScheduleRunner } from "#nitro/runtime/task";
+import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#nitro/runtime/app";
+import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro/virtual/feature-flags";
 
 const nitroApp = useNitroApp();
 
diff --git a/src/presets/node/runtime/node-server.ts b/src/presets/node/runtime/node-server.ts
index f517a7a66f..b32c57280c 100644
--- a/src/presets/node/runtime/node-server.ts
+++ b/src/presets/node/runtime/node-server.ts
@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@ import { NodeRequest, serve } from "srvx/node";
 import wsAdapter from "crossws/adapters/node";
 
 import { useNitroApp } from "nitro/app";
-import { startScheduleRunner } from "#runtime/task";
-import { trapUnhandledErrors } from "#runtime/error/hooks";
-import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#runtime/app";
-import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/feature-flags";
+import { startScheduleRunner } from "#nitro/runtime/task";
+import { trapUnhandledErrors } from "#nitro/runtime/error/hooks";
+import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#nitro/runtime/app";
+import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro/virtual/feature-flags";
 
 const port =
   Number.parseInt(process.env.NITRO_PORT || process.env.PORT || "") || 3000;
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/app.ts b/src/runtime/internal/app.ts
index ba4128633f..f29d78b7da 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/app.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/app.ts
@@ -12,14 +12,14 @@ import { HookableCore } from "hookable";
 import { nitroAsyncContext } from "./context.ts";
 
 // IMPORTANT: virtual imports and user code should be imported last to avoid initialization order issues
-import errorHandler from "#nitro-internal-virtual/error-handler";
-import { plugins } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/plugins";
+import errorHandler from "#nitro/virtual/error-handler";
+import { plugins } from "#nitro/virtual/plugins";
 import {
   findRoute,
   findRouteRules,
   globalMiddleware,
   findRoutedMiddleware,
-} from "#nitro-internal-virtual/routing";
+} from "#nitro/virtual/routing";
 import {
   hasRouteRules,
   hasRoutedMiddleware,
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import {
   hasRoutes,
   hasHooks,
   hasPlugins,
-} from "#nitro-internal-virtual/feature-flags";
+} from "#nitro/virtual/feature-flags";
 
 declare global {
   var __nitro__: NitroApp | undefined;
@@ -87,7 +87,9 @@ function initNitroApp(): NitroApp {
   if (hasPlugins) {
     for (const plugin of plugins) {
       try {
-        plugin(nitroApp);
+        plugin(
+          nitroApp as NitroApp & { hooks: NonNullable<NitroApp["hooks"]> }
+        );
       } catch (error: any) {
         nitroApp.captureError?.(error, { tags: ["plugin"] });
         throw error;
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/database.ts b/src/runtime/internal/database.ts
index 7d713a1afe..632e252fa3 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/database.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/database.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type { Database } from "db0";
 import { createDatabase } from "db0";
-import { connectionConfigs } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/database";
+import { connectionConfigs } from "#nitro/virtual/database";
 
 const instances: Record<string, Database> = Object.create(null);
 
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/routes/dev-tasks.ts b/src/runtime/internal/routes/dev-tasks.ts
index c1a6c96c5a..ccf81ff660 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/routes/dev-tasks.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/routes/dev-tasks.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { H3 } from "h3";
 import { runTask } from "../task.ts";
 
-import { scheduledTasks, tasks } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/tasks";
+import { scheduledTasks, tasks } from "#nitro/virtual/tasks";
 
 export default new H3()
   .get("/_nitro/tasks", async () => {
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/routes/openapi.ts b/src/runtime/internal/routes/openapi.ts
index 1b4a2017c5..a12edac806 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/routes/openapi.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/routes/openapi.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import type {
 } from "../../../types/openapi-ts.ts";
 import { joinURL } from "ufo";
 import { defu } from "defu";
-import { handlersMeta } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/routing-meta";
+import { handlersMeta } from "#nitro/virtual/routing-meta";
 import { useRuntimeConfig } from "../runtime-config.ts";
 
 // Served as /_openapi.json
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/routes/renderer-template.dev.ts b/src/runtime/internal/routes/renderer-template.dev.ts
index 9272883708..0b31a8f998 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/routes/renderer-template.dev.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/routes/renderer-template.dev.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import {
   rendererTemplate,
   rendererTemplateFile,
   isStaticTemplate,
-} from "#nitro-internal-virtual/renderer-template";
+} from "#nitro/virtual/renderer-template";
 import { HTTPResponse } from "h3";
 import { hasTemplateSyntax, renderToResponse, compileTemplate } from "rendu";
 
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/routes/renderer-template.ts b/src/runtime/internal/routes/renderer-template.ts
index 00263fda09..1a9e1269cf 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/routes/renderer-template.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/routes/renderer-template.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import type { H3Event } from "h3";
-import { rendererTemplate } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/renderer-template";
+import { rendererTemplate } from "#nitro/virtual/renderer-template";
 
 export default function renderIndexHTML(event: H3Event) {
   return rendererTemplate(event.req as Request);
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts b/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts
index 88070e9779..704a695d33 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type { NitroRuntimeConfig } from "nitro/types";
 import { applyEnv } from "./runtime-config.utils.ts";
-import { runtimeConfig } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/runtime-config";
+import { runtimeConfig } from "#nitro/virtual/runtime-config";
 
 export function useRuntimeConfig(): NitroRuntimeConfig {
   return ((useRuntimeConfig as any)._cached ||= getRuntimeConfig());
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/static.ts b/src/runtime/internal/static.ts
index b6d80fb0ab..bde55405a3 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/static.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/static.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import {
   getAsset,
   isPublicAssetURL,
   readAsset,
-} from "#nitro-internal-virtual/public-assets";
+} from "#nitro/virtual/public-assets";
 
 const METHODS = new Set(["HEAD", "GET"] as HTTPMethod[]);
 
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/storage.ts b/src/runtime/internal/storage.ts
index ea13c2c6c4..b57138f5dd 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/storage.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/storage.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type { Storage, StorageValue } from "unstorage";
 import { prefixStorage } from "unstorage";
-import { initStorage } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/storage";
+import { initStorage } from "#nitro/virtual/storage";
 
 export function useStorage<T extends StorageValue = StorageValue>(
   base = ""
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/task.ts b/src/runtime/internal/task.ts
index 0ed1a97b5b..843437999c 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/task.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/task.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import type {
   TaskPayload,
   TaskResult,
 } from "nitro/types";
-import { scheduledTasks, tasks } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/tasks";
+import { scheduledTasks, tasks } from "#nitro/virtual/tasks";
 
 /** @experimental */
 export function defineTask<RT = unknown>(def: Task<RT>): Task<RT> {
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/types/database.d.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/database.ts
similarity index 73%
rename from src/build/virtual/types/database.d.ts
rename to src/runtime/internal/virtual/database.ts
index f191e3b335..98ceb87c44 100644
--- a/src/build/virtual/types/database.d.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/database.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import type { Connector } from "db0";
 
-export declare const connectionConfigs: {
+export const connectionConfigs: {
   [name: string]: {
     connector: (options: any) => Connector;
     options: any;
   };
-};
+} = {};
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/types/error-handler.d.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/error-handler.ts
similarity index 74%
rename from src/build/virtual/types/error-handler.d.ts
rename to src/runtime/internal/virtual/error-handler.ts
index 0319d26328..8fc797bfdb 100644
--- a/src/build/virtual/types/error-handler.d.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/error-handler.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ import type { NitroErrorHandler } from "nitro/types";
 type EParams = Parameters<NitroErrorHandler>;
 type EReturn = ReturnType<NitroErrorHandler>;
 
-const errorHandler: (error: EParams[0], event: EParams[1]) => EReturn;
+const errorHandler: (error: EParams[0], event: EParams[1]) => EReturn = () => {
+  return new Response("Internal Server Error", { status: 500 });
+};
 
 export default errorHandler;
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/feature-flags.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/feature-flags.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1abb99b95d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/feature-flags.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+export const hasRoutes: boolean = true;
+export const hasRouteRules: boolean = true;
+export const hasGlobalMiddleware: boolean = true;
+export const hasRoutedMiddleware: boolean = true;
+export const hasPlugins: boolean = true;
+export const hasHooks: boolean = true;
+export const hasWebSocket: boolean = true;
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/plugins.d.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/plugins.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1402249e73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/plugins.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+import type { NitroAppPlugin } from "nitro/types";
+
+export const plugins: NitroAppPlugin[] = [];
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/types/polyfills.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/polyfills.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from src/build/virtual/types/polyfills.ts
rename to src/runtime/internal/virtual/polyfills.ts
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/public-assets.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/public-assets.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..703c7ba6e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/public-assets.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import type { PublicAsset } from "nitro/types";
+
+export const publicAssetBases: string[] = [];
+
+export const isPublicAssetURL: (id: string) => boolean = () => false;
+
+export const getPublicAssetMeta: (
+  id: string
+) => { maxAge?: number } | null = () => null;
+
+export const readAsset: (id: string) => Promise<Buffer> = async () => {
+  throw new Error("Asset not found");
+};
+
+export const getAsset: (id: string) => PublicAsset | null = () => null;
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/renderer-template.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/renderer-template.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8cb0406b10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/renderer-template.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+export function rendererTemplate(_req: Request): string | Promise<string> {
+  return `<!-- Renderer template not available -->`;
+}
+
+// dev only
+export const rendererTemplateFile: string | undefined = undefined;
+export const isStaticTemplate: boolean | undefined = undefined;
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing-meta.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing-meta.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cc9bee327e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing-meta.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import type { NitroRouteMeta } from "nitro/types";
+
+export const handlersMeta: {
+  route?: string;
+  method?: string;
+  meta?: NitroRouteMeta;
+}[] = [];
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..63bed820dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import type { Middleware, H3Route } from "h3";
+import type { MatchedRoute } from "rou3";
+import type { MatchedRouteRule } from "nitro/types";
+
+export function findRoute(
+  _method: string,
+  _path: string
+): MatchedRoute<H3Route> | undefined {
+  return undefined;
+}
+
+export function findRouteRules(
+  _method: string,
+  _path: string
+): MatchedRoute<MatchedRouteRule[]>[] {
+  return [];
+}
+
+export const globalMiddleware: Middleware[] = [];
+
+export function findRoutedMiddleware(
+  _method: string,
+  _path: string
+): MatchedRoute<Middleware>[] {
+  return [];
+}
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/runtime-config.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/runtime-config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..334fce7458
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/runtime-config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import type { NitroRuntimeConfig } from "nitro/types";
+
+export const runtimeConfig: NitroRuntimeConfig = {
+  app: {},
+  nitro: {},
+};
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/server-assets.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/server-assets.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..65b77fa478
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/server-assets.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import type { AssetMeta } from "nitro/types";
+
+export function readAsset<T = any>(_id: string): Promise<T> {
+  return Promise.resolve({} as T);
+}
+
+export function statAsset(_id: string): Promise<AssetMeta> {
+  return Promise.resolve({});
+}
+
+export function getKeys(): Promise<string[]> {
+  return Promise.resolve([]);
+}
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/storage.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/storage.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d9940b1bf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/storage.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import type { Storage } from "unstorage";
+
+export function initStorage(): Storage {
+  throw new Error("Storage is only available in a Nitro runtime.");
+}
diff --git a/src/build/virtual/types/tasks.d.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/tasks.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from src/build/virtual/types/tasks.d.ts
rename to src/runtime/internal/virtual/tasks.ts
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/vite/dev-entry.mjs b/src/runtime/internal/vite/dev-entry.mjs
index d68c4374dc..10b96d1854 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/vite/dev-entry.mjs
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/vite/dev-entry.mjs
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ import "#nitro-internal-polyfills";
 import wsAdapter from "crossws/adapters/node";
 
 import { useNitroApp } from "nitro/app";
-import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#runtime/app";
-import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro-internal-virtual/feature-flags";
+import { resolveWebsocketHooks } from "#nitro/runtime/app";
+import { hasWebSocket } from "#nitro/virtual/feature-flags";
 
 const nitroApp = useNitroApp();
 
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/vite/ssr-renderer.mjs b/src/runtime/internal/vite/ssr-renderer.mjs
index 5e6c1f3c88..34aa0706a5 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/vite/ssr-renderer.mjs
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/vite/ssr-renderer.mjs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { fetchViteEnv } from "#vite-runtime";
+import { fetchViteEnv } from "#nitro/vite/runtime";
 
 /** @param {{ req: Request }} HTTPEvent */
 export default function ssrRenderer({ req }) {
diff --git a/tsconfig.json b/tsconfig.json
index 268fe04c9d..739d87480a 100644
--- a/tsconfig.json
+++ b/tsconfig.json
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
     "lib": ["es2022", "webworker", "dom.iterable"],
     "types": ["node", "@cloudflare/workers-types"],
     "paths": {
-      "#nitro-internal-virtual/*": ["./src/build/virtual/types/*.ts"]
+      "#nitro/virtual/*": ["./src/runtime/internal/virtual/*.ts"]
     }
   },
   "exclude": [

From 4d91de9e52b7e4b3668692c0ea6c86efdefe30b6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Pooya Parsa <pooya@pi0.io>
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2025 17:43:48 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 2/6] update

---
 package.json                                 |  6 +-
 src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts       | 64 +++++++++++++++++++-
 src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.utils.ts | 61 -------------------
 src/runtime/internal/vite/ssr-renderer.mjs   |  2 +-
 src/runtime/virtual/database.ts              |  8 +++
 src/runtime/virtual/error-handler.ts         | 17 ++++++
 src/runtime/virtual/feature-flags.ts         |  7 +++
 src/runtime/virtual/plugins.ts               |  3 +
 src/runtime/virtual/polyfills.ts             |  1 +
 src/runtime/virtual/public-assets.ts         | 15 +++++
 src/runtime/virtual/renderer-template.ts     |  7 +++
 src/runtime/virtual/routing-meta.ts          |  7 +++
 src/runtime/virtual/routing.ts               | 26 ++++++++
 src/runtime/virtual/runtime-config.ts        |  6 ++
 src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts         | 13 ++++
 src/runtime/virtual/storage.ts               |  5 ++
 src/runtime/virtual/tasks.ts                 |  8 +++
 src/runtime/{vite-runtime.ts => vite.ts}     |  0
 test/unit/runtime-config.env.test.ts         |  2 +-
 test/unit/virtual.test.ts                    | 11 ++++
 tsconfig.json                                |  2 +-
 21 files changed, 203 insertions(+), 68 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.utils.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/virtual/database.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/virtual/error-handler.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/virtual/feature-flags.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/virtual/plugins.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/virtual/polyfills.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/virtual/public-assets.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/virtual/renderer-template.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/virtual/routing-meta.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/virtual/routing.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/virtual/runtime-config.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/virtual/storage.ts
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/virtual/tasks.ts
 rename src/runtime/{vite-runtime.ts => vite.ts} (100%)
 create mode 100644 test/unit/virtual.test.ts

diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index d4359515ef..f9581259a0 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@
     "./task": "./dist/runtime/task.mjs",
     "./tsconfig": "./lib/tsconfig.json",
     "./types": "./dist/types/index.mjs",
-    "./vite": "./dist/vite.mjs"
+    "./vite": "./dist/vite.mjs",
+    "./vite/runtime": "./dist/runtime/vite.mjs"
   },
   "imports": {
     "#nitro/runtime/*": "./dist/runtime/internal/*.mjs",
-    "#nitro/vite/runtime": "./dist/runtime/vite-runtime.mjs",
-    "#nitro/virtual/*": "./dist/builder/virtual/*.mjs"
+    "#nitro/virtual/*": "./dist/runtime/virtual/*.mjs"
   },
   "types": "./lib/index.d.mts",
   "bin": {
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts b/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts
index 704a695d33..c48d76366c 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import type { NitroRuntimeConfig } from "nitro/types";
-import { applyEnv } from "./runtime-config.utils.ts";
+import { snakeCase } from "scule";
 import { runtimeConfig } from "#nitro/virtual/runtime-config";
 
 export function useRuntimeConfig(): NitroRuntimeConfig {
@@ -17,3 +17,65 @@ function getRuntimeConfig() {
   });
   return runtimeConfig;
 }
+
+// ---- utils ----
+
+type EnvOptions = {
+  prefix?: string;
+  altPrefix?: string;
+  envExpansion?: boolean;
+};
+
+export function applyEnv(
+  obj: Record<string, any>,
+  opts: EnvOptions,
+  parentKey = ""
+) {
+  for (const key in obj) {
+    const subKey = parentKey ? `${parentKey}_${key}` : key;
+    const envValue = getEnv(subKey, opts);
+    if (_isObject(obj[key])) {
+      // Same as before
+      if (_isObject(envValue)) {
+        obj[key] = { ...(obj[key] as any), ...(envValue as any) };
+        applyEnv(obj[key], opts, subKey);
+      }
+      // If envValue is undefined
+      // Then proceed to nested properties
+      else if (envValue === undefined) {
+        applyEnv(obj[key], opts, subKey);
+      }
+      // If envValue is a primitive other than undefined
+      // Then set objValue and ignore the nested properties
+      else {
+        obj[key] = envValue ?? obj[key];
+      }
+    } else {
+      obj[key] = envValue ?? obj[key];
+    }
+    // Experimental env expansion
+    if (opts.envExpansion && typeof obj[key] === "string") {
+      obj[key] = _expandFromEnv(obj[key]);
+    }
+  }
+  return obj;
+}
+
+const envExpandRx = /\{\{([^{}]*)\}\}/g;
+
+function _expandFromEnv(value: string) {
+  return value.replace(envExpandRx, (match, key) => {
+    return process.env[key] || match;
+  });
+}
+
+function getEnv(key: string, opts: EnvOptions) {
+  const envKey = snakeCase(key).toUpperCase();
+  return (
+    process.env[opts.prefix + envKey] ?? process.env[opts.altPrefix + envKey]
+  );
+}
+
+function _isObject(input: unknown) {
+  return typeof input === "object" && !Array.isArray(input);
+}
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.utils.ts b/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.utils.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 434de1daa7..0000000000
--- a/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.utils.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-import { snakeCase } from "scule";
-
-type EnvOptions = {
-  prefix?: string;
-  altPrefix?: string;
-  envExpansion?: boolean;
-};
-
-export function applyEnv(
-  obj: Record<string, any>,
-  opts: EnvOptions,
-  parentKey = ""
-) {
-  for (const key in obj) {
-    const subKey = parentKey ? `${parentKey}_${key}` : key;
-    const envValue = getEnv(subKey, opts);
-    if (_isObject(obj[key])) {
-      // Same as before
-      if (_isObject(envValue)) {
-        obj[key] = { ...(obj[key] as any), ...(envValue as any) };
-        applyEnv(obj[key], opts, subKey);
-      }
-      // If envValue is undefined
-      // Then proceed to nested properties
-      else if (envValue === undefined) {
-        applyEnv(obj[key], opts, subKey);
-      }
-      // If envValue is a primitive other than undefined
-      // Then set objValue and ignore the nested properties
-      else {
-        obj[key] = envValue ?? obj[key];
-      }
-    } else {
-      obj[key] = envValue ?? obj[key];
-    }
-    // Experimental env expansion
-    if (opts.envExpansion && typeof obj[key] === "string") {
-      obj[key] = _expandFromEnv(obj[key]);
-    }
-  }
-  return obj;
-}
-
-const envExpandRx = /\{\{([^{}]*)\}\}/g;
-
-function _expandFromEnv(value: string) {
-  return value.replace(envExpandRx, (match, key) => {
-    return process.env[key] || match;
-  });
-}
-
-function getEnv(key: string, opts: EnvOptions) {
-  const envKey = snakeCase(key).toUpperCase();
-  return (
-    process.env[opts.prefix + envKey] ?? process.env[opts.altPrefix + envKey]
-  );
-}
-
-function _isObject(input: unknown) {
-  return typeof input === "object" && !Array.isArray(input);
-}
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/vite/ssr-renderer.mjs b/src/runtime/internal/vite/ssr-renderer.mjs
index 34aa0706a5..45e3e63c7d 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/vite/ssr-renderer.mjs
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/vite/ssr-renderer.mjs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { fetchViteEnv } from "#nitro/vite/runtime";
+import { fetchViteEnv } from "nitro/vite/runtime";
 
 /** @param {{ req: Request }} HTTPEvent */
 export default function ssrRenderer({ req }) {
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/database.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/database.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98ceb87c44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/database.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import type { Connector } from "db0";
+
+export const connectionConfigs: {
+  [name: string]: {
+    connector: (options: any) => Connector;
+    options: any;
+  };
+} = {};
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/error-handler.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/error-handler.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8711b6f621
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/error-handler.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import type { NitroErrorHandler } from "nitro/types";
+import { H3Event, toResponse } from "h3";
+
+type EParams = Parameters<NitroErrorHandler>;
+type EReturn = ReturnType<NitroErrorHandler>;
+
+const errorHandler: (error: EParams[0], event: EParams[1]) => EReturn = (
+  error,
+  event
+) => {
+  if (error.status !== 404) {
+    console.error(error as any);
+  }
+  return toResponse(error, event as H3Event);
+};
+
+export default errorHandler;
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/feature-flags.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/feature-flags.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1abb99b95d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/feature-flags.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+export const hasRoutes: boolean = true;
+export const hasRouteRules: boolean = true;
+export const hasGlobalMiddleware: boolean = true;
+export const hasRoutedMiddleware: boolean = true;
+export const hasPlugins: boolean = true;
+export const hasHooks: boolean = true;
+export const hasWebSocket: boolean = true;
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/plugins.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/plugins.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1402249e73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/plugins.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+import type { NitroAppPlugin } from "nitro/types";
+
+export const plugins: NitroAppPlugin[] = [];
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/polyfills.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/polyfills.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ff8b4c5632
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/polyfills.ts
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export default {};
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/public-assets.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/public-assets.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..703c7ba6e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/public-assets.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import type { PublicAsset } from "nitro/types";
+
+export const publicAssetBases: string[] = [];
+
+export const isPublicAssetURL: (id: string) => boolean = () => false;
+
+export const getPublicAssetMeta: (
+  id: string
+) => { maxAge?: number } | null = () => null;
+
+export const readAsset: (id: string) => Promise<Buffer> = async () => {
+  throw new Error("Asset not found");
+};
+
+export const getAsset: (id: string) => PublicAsset | null = () => null;
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/renderer-template.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/renderer-template.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8cb0406b10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/renderer-template.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+export function rendererTemplate(_req: Request): string | Promise<string> {
+  return `<!-- Renderer template not available -->`;
+}
+
+// dev only
+export const rendererTemplateFile: string | undefined = undefined;
+export const isStaticTemplate: boolean | undefined = undefined;
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/routing-meta.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/routing-meta.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cc9bee327e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/routing-meta.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import type { NitroRouteMeta } from "nitro/types";
+
+export const handlersMeta: {
+  route?: string;
+  method?: string;
+  meta?: NitroRouteMeta;
+}[] = [];
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/routing.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/routing.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..63bed820dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/routing.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import type { Middleware, H3Route } from "h3";
+import type { MatchedRoute } from "rou3";
+import type { MatchedRouteRule } from "nitro/types";
+
+export function findRoute(
+  _method: string,
+  _path: string
+): MatchedRoute<H3Route> | undefined {
+  return undefined;
+}
+
+export function findRouteRules(
+  _method: string,
+  _path: string
+): MatchedRoute<MatchedRouteRule[]>[] {
+  return [];
+}
+
+export const globalMiddleware: Middleware[] = [];
+
+export function findRoutedMiddleware(
+  _method: string,
+  _path: string
+): MatchedRoute<Middleware>[] {
+  return [];
+}
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/runtime-config.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/runtime-config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..334fce7458
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/runtime-config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import type { NitroRuntimeConfig } from "nitro/types";
+
+export const runtimeConfig: NitroRuntimeConfig = {
+  app: {},
+  nitro: {},
+};
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..65b77fa478
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import type { AssetMeta } from "nitro/types";
+
+export function readAsset<T = any>(_id: string): Promise<T> {
+  return Promise.resolve({} as T);
+}
+
+export function statAsset(_id: string): Promise<AssetMeta> {
+  return Promise.resolve({});
+}
+
+export function getKeys(): Promise<string[]> {
+  return Promise.resolve([]);
+}
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/storage.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/storage.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d9940b1bf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/storage.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import type { Storage } from "unstorage";
+
+export function initStorage(): Storage {
+  throw new Error("Storage is only available in a Nitro runtime.");
+}
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/tasks.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/tasks.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c1d965f163
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/tasks.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import type { Task, TaskMeta } from "nitro/types";
+
+export const tasks: Record<
+  string,
+  { resolve?: () => Promise<Task>; meta: TaskMeta }
+> = {};
+
+export const scheduledTasks: false | { cron: string; tasks: string[] }[] = [];
diff --git a/src/runtime/vite-runtime.ts b/src/runtime/vite.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from src/runtime/vite-runtime.ts
rename to src/runtime/vite.ts
diff --git a/test/unit/runtime-config.env.test.ts b/test/unit/runtime-config.env.test.ts
index 039fb09275..d21f95cf30 100644
--- a/test/unit/runtime-config.env.test.ts
+++ b/test/unit/runtime-config.env.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 
-import { applyEnv } from "../../src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.utils.ts";
+import { applyEnv } from "../../src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts";
 
 describe("env utils", () => {
   describe("applyEnv", () => {
diff --git a/test/unit/virtual.test.ts b/test/unit/virtual.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a8f857dcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/virtual.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+import { serverFetch } from "nitro/app";
+
+describe("virtual modules", () => {
+  it("app fetch", async () => {
+    const res = await serverFetch("/");
+    expect(res.status).toBe(404);
+    expect(await res.text()).to.include("Cannot find any route matching");
+  });
+});
diff --git a/tsconfig.json b/tsconfig.json
index 739d87480a..4afff2d8b4 100644
--- a/tsconfig.json
+++ b/tsconfig.json
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
     "lib": ["es2022", "webworker", "dom.iterable"],
     "types": ["node", "@cloudflare/workers-types"],
     "paths": {
-      "#nitro/virtual/*": ["./src/runtime/internal/virtual/*.ts"]
+      "#nitro/virtual/*": ["src/runtime/virtual/*.ts"]
     }
   },
   "exclude": [

From 117f9910d6de53817c9610d045781b86ac9ab35f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Pooya Parsa <pooya@pi0.io>
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2025 17:53:49 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 3/6] update

---
 src/runtime/virtual/_runtime_warn.ts     | 8 ++++++++
 src/runtime/virtual/database.ts          | 1 +
 src/runtime/virtual/error-handler.ts     | 3 ++-
 src/runtime/virtual/feature-flags.ts     | 2 ++
 src/runtime/virtual/plugins.ts           | 1 +
 src/runtime/virtual/polyfills.ts         | 2 ++
 src/runtime/virtual/public-assets.ts     | 1 +
 src/runtime/virtual/renderer-template.ts | 2 ++
 src/runtime/virtual/routing-meta.ts      | 1 +
 src/runtime/virtual/routing.ts           | 2 ++
 src/runtime/virtual/runtime-config.ts    | 1 +
 src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts     | 1 +
 src/runtime/virtual/storage.ts           | 5 +++--
 src/runtime/virtual/tasks.ts             | 1 +
 tsconfig.json                            | 5 +----
 15 files changed, 29 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/runtime/virtual/_runtime_warn.ts

diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/_runtime_warn.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/_runtime_warn.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad6a06f2de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/_runtime_warn.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import consola from "consola";
+import { isTest } from "std-env";
+
+if (!isTest) {
+  consola.warn(
+    "Nitro runtime imports detected without a builder or Nitro plugin. A stub implementation will be used."
+  );
+}
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/database.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/database.ts
index 98ceb87c44..dbbeeafa65 100644
--- a/src/runtime/virtual/database.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/database.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import "./_runtime_warn.ts";
 import type { Connector } from "db0";
 
 export const connectionConfigs: {
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/error-handler.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/error-handler.ts
index 8711b6f621..67de15ad51 100644
--- a/src/runtime/virtual/error-handler.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/error-handler.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-import type { NitroErrorHandler } from "nitro/types";
+import "./_runtime_warn.ts";
 import { H3Event, toResponse } from "h3";
+import type { NitroErrorHandler } from "nitro/types";
 
 type EParams = Parameters<NitroErrorHandler>;
 type EReturn = ReturnType<NitroErrorHandler>;
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/feature-flags.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/feature-flags.ts
index 1abb99b95d..ecf7d2da6c 100644
--- a/src/runtime/virtual/feature-flags.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/feature-flags.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import "./_runtime_warn.ts";
+
 export const hasRoutes: boolean = true;
 export const hasRouteRules: boolean = true;
 export const hasGlobalMiddleware: boolean = true;
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/plugins.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/plugins.ts
index 1402249e73..f77a96cccd 100644
--- a/src/runtime/virtual/plugins.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/plugins.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import "./_runtime_warn.ts";
 import type { NitroAppPlugin } from "nitro/types";
 
 export const plugins: NitroAppPlugin[] = [];
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/polyfills.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/polyfills.ts
index ff8b4c5632..e01315c156 100644
--- a/src/runtime/virtual/polyfills.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/polyfills.ts
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
+import "./_runtime_warn.ts";
+
 export default {};
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/public-assets.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/public-assets.ts
index 703c7ba6e4..b24af76ede 100644
--- a/src/runtime/virtual/public-assets.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/public-assets.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import "./_runtime_warn.ts";
 import type { PublicAsset } from "nitro/types";
 
 export const publicAssetBases: string[] = [];
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/renderer-template.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/renderer-template.ts
index 8cb0406b10..dd0add08a4 100644
--- a/src/runtime/virtual/renderer-template.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/renderer-template.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import "./_runtime_warn.ts";
+
 export function rendererTemplate(_req: Request): string | Promise<string> {
   return `<!-- Renderer template not available -->`;
 }
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/routing-meta.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/routing-meta.ts
index cc9bee327e..07e4f3c588 100644
--- a/src/runtime/virtual/routing-meta.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/routing-meta.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import "./_runtime_warn.ts";
 import type { NitroRouteMeta } from "nitro/types";
 
 export const handlersMeta: {
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/routing.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/routing.ts
index 63bed820dc..10ab53fd1f 100644
--- a/src/runtime/virtual/routing.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/routing.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import "./_runtime_warn.ts";
+
 import type { Middleware, H3Route } from "h3";
 import type { MatchedRoute } from "rou3";
 import type { MatchedRouteRule } from "nitro/types";
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/runtime-config.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/runtime-config.ts
index 334fce7458..bf741a7765 100644
--- a/src/runtime/virtual/runtime-config.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/runtime-config.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import "./_runtime_warn.ts";
 import type { NitroRuntimeConfig } from "nitro/types";
 
 export const runtimeConfig: NitroRuntimeConfig = {
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts
index 65b77fa478..040813d2fc 100644
--- a/src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import "./_runtime_warn.ts";
 import type { AssetMeta } from "nitro/types";
 
 export function readAsset<T = any>(_id: string): Promise<T> {
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/storage.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/storage.ts
index d9940b1bf5..973215b9eb 100644
--- a/src/runtime/virtual/storage.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/storage.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-import type { Storage } from "unstorage";
+import "./_runtime_warn.ts";
+import { type Storage, createStorage } from "unstorage";
 
 export function initStorage(): Storage {
-  throw new Error("Storage is only available in a Nitro runtime.");
+  return createStorage();
 }
diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/tasks.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/tasks.ts
index c1d965f163..f4f23972ce 100644
--- a/src/runtime/virtual/tasks.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/tasks.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import "./_runtime_warn.ts";
 import type { Task, TaskMeta } from "nitro/types";
 
 export const tasks: Record<
diff --git a/tsconfig.json b/tsconfig.json
index 4afff2d8b4..86db00fea8 100644
--- a/tsconfig.json
+++ b/tsconfig.json
@@ -9,10 +9,7 @@
     "noImplicitReturns": false,
     "jsx": "preserve",
     "lib": ["es2022", "webworker", "dom.iterable"],
-    "types": ["node", "@cloudflare/workers-types"],
-    "paths": {
-      "#nitro/virtual/*": ["src/runtime/virtual/*.ts"]
-    }
+    "types": ["node", "@cloudflare/workers-types"]
   },
   "exclude": [
     "examples/import-alias/**",

From 9086728f301d07d6059fc976c76a233f8f295656 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Pooya Parsa <pooya@pi0.io>
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2025 17:57:46 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 4/6] add missing server-assets export

---
 src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts b/src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts
index 040813d2fc..376a2505d9 100644
--- a/src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/virtual/server-assets.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 import "./_runtime_warn.ts";
+import { createStorage } from "unstorage";
+
 import type { AssetMeta } from "nitro/types";
 
+export const assets = createStorage();
+
 export function readAsset<T = any>(_id: string): Promise<T> {
   return Promise.resolve({} as T);
 }

From d9df65dd172c73118c6481e633a3f81b8d6b0654 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Pooya Parsa <pooya@pi0.io>
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2025 17:59:06 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 5/6] fix check

---
 src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts b/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts
index c48d76366c..51e0bc55d2 100644
--- a/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/internal/runtime-config.ts
@@ -77,5 +77,5 @@ function getEnv(key: string, opts: EnvOptions) {
 }
 
 function _isObject(input: unknown) {
-  return typeof input === "object" && !Array.isArray(input);
+  return input !== null && typeof input === "object" && !Array.isArray(input);
 }

From c670b36a7a0cf74f79ad3f2994a7b0bebd0e4f07 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Pooya Parsa <pooya@pi0.io>
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2025 18:01:06 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 6/6] remove dangling files

---
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/database.ts      |  8 ------
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/error-handler.ts | 10 -------
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/feature-flags.ts |  7 -----
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/plugins.d.ts     |  3 ---
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/polyfills.ts     |  1 -
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/public-assets.ts | 15 -----------
 .../internal/virtual/renderer-template.ts     |  7 -----
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing-meta.ts  |  7 -----
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing.ts       | 26 -------------------
 .../internal/virtual/runtime-config.ts        |  6 -----
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/server-assets.ts | 13 ----------
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/storage.ts       |  5 ----
 src/runtime/internal/virtual/tasks.ts         |  8 ------
 13 files changed, 116 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/database.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/error-handler.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/feature-flags.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/plugins.d.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/polyfills.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/public-assets.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/renderer-template.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing-meta.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/runtime-config.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/server-assets.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/storage.ts
 delete mode 100644 src/runtime/internal/virtual/tasks.ts

diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/database.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/database.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 98ceb87c44..0000000000
--- a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/database.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-import type { Connector } from "db0";
-
-export const connectionConfigs: {
-  [name: string]: {
-    connector: (options: any) => Connector;
-    options: any;
-  };
-} = {};
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/error-handler.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/error-handler.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 8fc797bfdb..0000000000
--- a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/error-handler.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-import type { NitroErrorHandler } from "nitro/types";
-
-type EParams = Parameters<NitroErrorHandler>;
-type EReturn = ReturnType<NitroErrorHandler>;
-
-const errorHandler: (error: EParams[0], event: EParams[1]) => EReturn = () => {
-  return new Response("Internal Server Error", { status: 500 });
-};
-
-export default errorHandler;
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/feature-flags.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/feature-flags.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 1abb99b95d..0000000000
--- a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/feature-flags.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-export const hasRoutes: boolean = true;
-export const hasRouteRules: boolean = true;
-export const hasGlobalMiddleware: boolean = true;
-export const hasRoutedMiddleware: boolean = true;
-export const hasPlugins: boolean = true;
-export const hasHooks: boolean = true;
-export const hasWebSocket: boolean = true;
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/plugins.d.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/plugins.d.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 1402249e73..0000000000
--- a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/plugins.d.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-import type { NitroAppPlugin } from "nitro/types";
-
-export const plugins: NitroAppPlugin[] = [];
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/polyfills.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/polyfills.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index ff8b4c5632..0000000000
--- a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/polyfills.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-export default {};
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/public-assets.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/public-assets.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 703c7ba6e4..0000000000
--- a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/public-assets.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-import type { PublicAsset } from "nitro/types";
-
-export const publicAssetBases: string[] = [];
-
-export const isPublicAssetURL: (id: string) => boolean = () => false;
-
-export const getPublicAssetMeta: (
-  id: string
-) => { maxAge?: number } | null = () => null;
-
-export const readAsset: (id: string) => Promise<Buffer> = async () => {
-  throw new Error("Asset not found");
-};
-
-export const getAsset: (id: string) => PublicAsset | null = () => null;
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/renderer-template.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/renderer-template.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 8cb0406b10..0000000000
--- a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/renderer-template.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-export function rendererTemplate(_req: Request): string | Promise<string> {
-  return `<!-- Renderer template not available -->`;
-}
-
-// dev only
-export const rendererTemplateFile: string | undefined = undefined;
-export const isStaticTemplate: boolean | undefined = undefined;
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing-meta.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing-meta.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index cc9bee327e..0000000000
--- a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing-meta.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-import type { NitroRouteMeta } from "nitro/types";
-
-export const handlersMeta: {
-  route?: string;
-  method?: string;
-  meta?: NitroRouteMeta;
-}[] = [];
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 63bed820dc..0000000000
--- a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/routing.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-import type { Middleware, H3Route } from "h3";
-import type { MatchedRoute } from "rou3";
-import type { MatchedRouteRule } from "nitro/types";
-
-export function findRoute(
-  _method: string,
-  _path: string
-): MatchedRoute<H3Route> | undefined {
-  return undefined;
-}
-
-export function findRouteRules(
-  _method: string,
-  _path: string
-): MatchedRoute<MatchedRouteRule[]>[] {
-  return [];
-}
-
-export const globalMiddleware: Middleware[] = [];
-
-export function findRoutedMiddleware(
-  _method: string,
-  _path: string
-): MatchedRoute<Middleware>[] {
-  return [];
-}
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/runtime-config.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/runtime-config.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 334fce7458..0000000000
--- a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/runtime-config.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-import type { NitroRuntimeConfig } from "nitro/types";
-
-export const runtimeConfig: NitroRuntimeConfig = {
-  app: {},
-  nitro: {},
-};
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/server-assets.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/server-assets.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 65b77fa478..0000000000
--- a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/server-assets.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-import type { AssetMeta } from "nitro/types";
-
-export function readAsset<T = any>(_id: string): Promise<T> {
-  return Promise.resolve({} as T);
-}
-
-export function statAsset(_id: string): Promise<AssetMeta> {
-  return Promise.resolve({});
-}
-
-export function getKeys(): Promise<string[]> {
-  return Promise.resolve([]);
-}
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/storage.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/storage.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index d9940b1bf5..0000000000
--- a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/storage.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-import type { Storage } from "unstorage";
-
-export function initStorage(): Storage {
-  throw new Error("Storage is only available in a Nitro runtime.");
-}
diff --git a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/tasks.ts b/src/runtime/internal/virtual/tasks.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index c1d965f163..0000000000
--- a/src/runtime/internal/virtual/tasks.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-import type { Task, TaskMeta } from "nitro/types";
-
-export const tasks: Record<
-  string,
-  { resolve?: () => Promise<Task>; meta: TaskMeta }
-> = {};
-
-export const scheduledTasks: false | { cron: string; tasks: string[] }[] = [];