Skip to content

wsl.md

Latest commit

 

History

History
185 lines (113 loc) · 4.27 KB

wsl.md

File metadata and controls

185 lines (113 loc) · 4.27 KB

WSL Installation Guidence

Created by TechJI and 2023 151 TA Team.

This article uses a *CC BY-NC 2.0* license.

Windows (using wsl)

Requirements

  • Windows 10 1709 Fall Creators Update 64bit or later.
  • Windows Subsystem for Linux feature is enabled.
  1. To enable Linux feature

Then run on Powershell with administrator

dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart

Reminder

When you use WSL2, Hyper-V is enabled, which is NOT compatible with other vm platforms like VMWare and VirtualBox.

Think twice before using it.

  1. Check whether your PC support WSL2:

    • In cmd run systeminfo
    • Scroll down to Hyper-V section
    • If there are 4 "Yes" OR " A hypervisor has been detected. Features required for Hyper-V will not be displayed." ("已检测到虚拟机监控程序。将不显示 Hyper-V 所需的功能。"), then your PC is OK
    • Otherwise it's not OK, please use WSL1 or other vm platform

  2. Setup wsl2

wsl --set-default-version 2

Case 1: No error

  • Just enjoy your WSL2

Case 2: Error with link https://aka.ms/wsl2kernel attatched

Case 3: Error telling you Hyper-V is not enabled

  • Go to Control Panel (控制面板) > Programs (程序) > Turn Windows features on or off (启用或关闭Windows功能)
  • Find Hyper-V
Case 3.1: No Hyper-V Settings
  • You should check whether your PC support WSL2. See above.
Case 3.2: All 4 settings in Hyper-V can be ticked
  • Tick all settings
  • Restart your PC
  • Try to start wsl2 again
Case 3.3: Some of the settings can't be ticked

This might be an issue with your hardware. Please refer to section "How to Enable Hardware Virtualization in BIOS" in https://www.makeuseof.com/windows-11-enable-hyper-v/ and try to enable hardware virtualization. (My laptop thinkpad has this issue)

Case 3.4 Otherwise
  • Search online with error message on your screen (better go to stackoverflow/microsoft doc/github issues)
  • Just use WSL1. It has no big issue.
  1. Install Linux (Ubuntu/arch, you only need choose one)

Ubuntu

Go to Microsoft Store and search "Ubuntu"

Download one of them.

Open your terminal and choose ubuntu.

Setup your user name and password.

run

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install build-essential
$ gcc --version

Arch

You may refer to the official website.

Here, we demonstrate the first method.

  1. Download the installer zip.

  1. Extract all files in zip file to the same directory. Please extract to a folder that you have write permission. For example, C:\Program Files cannot be used since the rootfs cannot be modified there.

  1. Run Arch.exe to extract the rootfs and register to WSL

As a side note, the executable name is what is used as the WSL instance name. If you rename it, you can have multiple installs.

  1. Open your terminal and choose arch.

  1. Setting the root password
passwd

  1. Set up the default user
$ echo "%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL" > /etc/sudoers.d/wheel
$ useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash {username}
$ passwd {username}

$ exit
$ Arch.exe config --default-user {username}

If the default user has not been changed (issue #7), please reboot the computer or alternatively, restart the LxssManager in an Admin command prompt. Please refer to the official documentation.

  1. initialize the keyring
$ sudo pacman-key --init
$ sudo pacman-key --populate
$ sudo pacman -Sy archlinux-keyring
$ sudo pacman -Su

  1. Install gcc
$ sudo pacman -S gcc

  1. test gcc
$ gcc --version

Reference

  1. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-gb/windows/wsl/install If your windows version is old, please follow https://learn.microsoft.com/engb/windows/wsl/install-manual