git commands

# Git Complete Commands Guide

## 1. Install Git
- Windows: Download from https://git-scm.com/download/win
- macOS (using Homebrew): 
  brew install git
- Linux (Debian/Ubuntu): 
  sudo apt-get install git

## 2. Verify Installation
git --version

## 3. Configure Git (set your identity)
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "your_email@example.com"

## 4. Connect GitHub account (SSH method recommended)
# Generate SSH key:
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "your_email@example.com"
# Start SSH agent:
eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
# Add key to agent:
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
# Copy public key and add to GitHub (Settings > SSH and GPG keys):
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

# Test connection:
ssh -T git@github.com

## 5. Clone a Repository
git clone git@github.com:username/repo.git
cd repo

## 6. Check Repo Status
git status

## 7. Make Changes
# (edit your files in editor)

## 8. Stage Changes
git add filename            # add specific file
git add .                   # add all changes

## 9. Commit Changes
git commit -m "Meaningful commit message"

## 10. Push Changes to GitHub
git push origin branch-name

## 11. Create and Switch Branches
git checkout -b new-feature   # create and switch
git checkout branch-name      # switch existing

## 12. Sync with Remote Repo (pull latest changes)
git pull origin branch-name

## 13. View Commit History
git log

## 14. Raise a Pull Request (PR)
# Step 1: Push your feature branch
git push origin new-feature

# Step 2: Go to GitHub repository in browser
# Step 3: Click "Compare & pull request"
# Step 4: Add title, description, and submit PR

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# Common Extra Commands

## Undo Last Commit (without losing changes)
git reset --soft HEAD~1

## Discard Changes in a File
git checkout -- filename

## Remove Cached File from Staging
git reset filename

## Create .gitignore File
# Example:
echo "node_modules/" >> .gitignore
git add .gitignore
git commit -m "Add .gitignore"