From 1d3b6848899e3e6bd9a3e474640131fb8677f205 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: John Chen <civitas@u.northwestern.edu>
Date: Mon, 23 Jan 2023 14:03:57 -0600
Subject: [PATCH 1/8] Optimization on `gt`, `gte`, `lt`, `lte`

---
 .../src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee  | 20 +++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee
index 7237a6875..39fabe2c4 100644
--- a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ module.exports =
 
     # (Any, Any) => Boolean
     gt: (a, b) ->
-      if (checks.isString(a) and checks.isString(b)) or (checks.isNumber(a) and checks.isNumber(b))
+      if (checks.isNumber(a) and checks.isNumber(b)) or (checks.isString(a) and checks.isString(b))
         a > b
       else if typeof(a) is typeof(b) and a.compare? and b.compare?
         a.compare(b) is GT
@@ -151,7 +151,13 @@ module.exports =
 
     # (Any, Any) => Boolean
     gte: (a, b) ->
-      @gt(a, b) or @equality(a, b)
+      if (checks.isNumber(a) and checks.isNumber(b)) or (checks.isString(a) and checks.isString(b))
+        a >= b
+      else if typeof(a) is typeof(b) and a.compare? and b.compare?
+        result = a.compare(b)
+        result is GT or result is EQ
+      else
+        throw exceptions.internal("Invalid operands to `gt`")
 
     # [T <: (Array[Link]|Link|AbstractAgentSet[Link])] @ (T*) => LinkSet
     linkSet: (inputs) ->
@@ -159,7 +165,7 @@ module.exports =
 
     # (Any, Any) => Boolean
     lt: (a, b) ->
-      if (checks.isString(a) and checks.isString(b)) or (checks.isNumber(a) and checks.isNumber(b))
+      if (checks.isNumber(a) and checks.isNumber(b)) or (checks.isString(a) and checks.isString(b))
         a < b
       else if typeof(a) is typeof(b) and a.compare? and b.compare?
         a.compare(b) is LT
@@ -168,7 +174,13 @@ module.exports =
 
     # (Any, Any) => Boolean
     lte: (a, b) ->
-      @lt(a, b) or @equality(a, b)
+      if (checks.isNumber(a) and checks.isNumber(b)) or (checks.isString(a) and checks.isString(b))
+        a <= b
+      else if typeof(a) is typeof(b) and a.compare? and b.compare?
+        result = a.compare(b)
+        result is LT or result is EQ
+      else
+        throw exceptions.internal("Invalid operands to `lt`")
 
     # Some complications here....
     #

From 7d17e752cd695ff0710851b434ec9ca6f3a96bcc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: John Chen <john@soobb.com>
Date: Sun, 22 Jan 2023 20:25:09 -0600
Subject: [PATCH 2/8] Minor optimization to reduce call layers

---
 engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee
index ea518f990..b0793e182 100644
--- a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee
@@ -160,11 +160,11 @@ module.exports =
 
     # (Number, Number) => Agent
     patchLeftAndAhead: (angle, distance) ->
-      @patchRightAndAhead(-angle, distance)
+      @patchAtHeadingAndDistance(@_heading - angle, distance)
 
     # (Number) => Agent
     patchAhead: (distance) ->
-      @patchRightAndAhead(0, distance)
+      @patchAtHeadingAndDistance(@_heading, distance)
 
     # (() => Any) => Unit
     ask: (f) ->

From b079bbf284e45bb028f25e5fdd9177cf089b8d4f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: John Chen <john@soobb.com>
Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2022 13:16:06 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 3/8] zh-cn support for NLW

---
 .../src/main/coffee/engine/workspace.coffee   |   1 +
 .../src/main/coffee/i18n/i18n-bundle.coffee   |   6 +
 engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/zh_cn.coffee      | 174 ++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 181 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/zh_cn.coffee

diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/workspace.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/workspace.coffee
index c405d3677..f616faf80 100644
--- a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/workspace.coffee
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/workspace.coffee
@@ -170,4 +170,5 @@ module.exports =
       updater
       userDialogPrims
       world
+      i18nBundle
     }
diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/i18n-bundle.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/i18n-bundle.coffee
index 1dbf2b77d..90394a1aa 100644
--- a/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/i18n-bundle.coffee
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/i18n-bundle.coffee
@@ -25,5 +25,11 @@ class I18nBundle
 
     message = bundle[key]
     message(args...)
+  
+  switch: (locale) ->
+    try
+      @_current = require('i18n/' + locale)
+    catch
+      @_current = EN_US
 
 module.exports = I18nBundle
diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/zh_cn.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/zh_cn.coffee
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e9ad4f328
--- /dev/null
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/zh_cn.coffee
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+# (C) Uri Wilensky. https://github.com/NetLogo/Tortoise
+
+bundle = {
+
+  # Math Prims
+
+    'atan is undefined when both inputs are zero.': () ->
+      "当两个输入值都为 0 时，atan 函数没有定义。"
+
+  , '_ isn_t a valid base for a logarithm.': (b) ->
+      "#{b} 不是一个有效的对数底数。"
+
+  , 'The square root of _ is an imaginary number.': (n) ->
+      "值 #{n} 的平方根是虚数，无法运算。"
+
+  , 'math operation produced a non-number': () ->
+      "数学运算产生了一个非数字。"
+
+  , 'math operation produced a number too large for NetLogo': () ->
+      "数学运算产生了一个对 NetLogo 来说过大的数字。"
+
+  , 'Division by zero.': () ->
+      "被零除（的结果不存在）。"
+
+  , 'Can_t take logarithm of _.': (n) ->
+      "无法为值 #{n} 取对数。"
+
+  # Color Prims
+
+  , 'Color must be a number or a valid RGB/A color list with 3 - 4 numbers that have values between 0 and 255.': () ->
+      'Color must be a number or a valid RGB/A color list with 3 - 4 numbers that have values between 0 and 255.'
+
+  # Other Prims
+
+  , 'random-normal_s second input can_t be negative.': () ->
+      "random-normal's second input can't be negative."
+
+  , 'Both Inputs to RANDOM-GAMMA must be positive.': () ->
+      "Both Inputs to RANDOM-GAMMA must be positive."
+
+  , '_ is not in the allowable range for random seeds (-2147483648 to 2147483647)': (n) ->
+      "#{n} is not in the allowable range for random seeds (-2147483648 to 2147483647)"
+
+  , '_ is too large to be represented exactly as an integer in NetLogo': (n) ->
+      "#{n} is too large to be represented exactly as an integer in NetLogo"
+
+  , 'List is empty.': () ->
+      "List is empty."
+
+  , 'Can_t find element _ of the _ _, which is only of length _.': (n, type, list, length) ->
+      "Can't find element #{n} of the #{type} #{list}, which is only of length #{length}."
+
+  , 'The list argument to reduce must not be empty.': () ->
+      "The list argument to reduce must not be empty."
+
+  , '_ is greater than the length of the input list (_).': (endIndex, listLength) ->
+      "#{endIndex} is greater than the length of the input list (#{listLength})."
+
+  , '_ is less than zero.': (index) ->
+      "#{index} is less than zero."
+
+  , '_ is less than _.': (endIndex, startIndex) ->
+      "#{endIndex} is less than #{startIndex}."
+
+  , '_ got an empty _ as input.': (prim, type) ->
+      "#{prim} got an empty #{type} as input."
+
+  , '_ isn_t greater than or equal to zero.': (index) ->
+      "#{index} isn't greater than or equal to zero."
+
+  , 'Can_t find the _ of a list with no numbers: __': (aspect, list, punc) ->
+      "Can't find the #{aspect} of a list with no numbers: #{list}#{punc}"
+
+  , 'Requested _ random items from a list of length _.': (count, length) ->
+      "Requested #{count} random items from a list of length #{length}."
+
+  , 'Requested _ random agents from a set of only _ agents.': (count, size) ->
+      "Requested #{count} random agents from a set of only #{size} agents."
+
+  , 'Can_t find the _ of a list without at least two numbers: __': (aspect, list, punc) ->
+      "Can't find the #{aspect} of a list without at least two numbers: #{list}#{punc}"
+
+  , 'Invalid list of points: _': (points) ->
+      "Invalid list of points: #{points}"
+
+  , 'Requested _ random agents from a set of only _ agents.': (n, size) ->
+      "Requested #{n} random agents from a set of only #{size} agents."
+
+  , 'First input to _ can_t be negative.': (prim) ->
+      "First input to #{prim} can't be negative."
+
+  , '_ expected a true/false value from _, but got _ instead.': (prim, item, value) ->
+    "#{prim} expected a true/false value from #{item}, but got #{value} instead."
+
+  , '_ expected input to be a _ agentset or _ but got _ instead.': (prim, agentType, value) ->
+    "#{prim} expected input to be a #{agentType} agentset or #{agentType} but got #{value} instead."
+
+  , '_ expected input to be _ but got _ instead.': (prim, expectedType, actualType) ->
+    "#{prim} expected input to be #{expectedType} but got #{actualType} instead."
+
+  , 'List inputs to _ must only contain _, _ agentset, or list elements.  The list _ contained _ which is NOT a _ or _ agentset.': (prim, agentType, list, value) ->
+    "List inputs to #{prim} must only contain #{agentType}, #{agentType} agentset, or list elements.  The list #{list} contained #{value} which is NOT a #{agentType} or #{agentType} agentset."
+
+  , 'List inputs to _ must only contain _, _ agentset, or list elements.  The list _ contained a different type agentset: _.': (prim, agentType, list, value) ->
+    "List inputs to #{prim} must only contain #{agentType}, #{agentType} agentset, or list elements.  The list #{list} contained a different type agentset: #{value}."
+
+  , 'SORT-ON works on numbers, strings, or agents of the same type, but not on _ and _': (type1, type2) ->
+    "SORT-ON works on numbers, strings, or agents of the same type, but not on #{type1} and #{type2}"
+
+  , 'anonymous procedure expected _ input_, but only got _': (needed, given) ->
+    "anonymous procedure expected #{needed} input#{if needed isnt 1 then "s" else ""}, but only got #{given}"
+
+  , 'REPORT can only be used inside TO-REPORT.': () ->
+    "REPORT can only be used inside TO-REPORT."
+
+  , 'STOP is not allowed inside TO-REPORT.': () ->
+    "STOP is not allowed inside TO-REPORT."
+
+  , 'Reached end of reporter procedure without REPORT being called.': () ->
+    "Reached end of reporter procedure without REPORT being called."
+
+  , '_ doesn_t accept further inputs if the first is a string': (primName) ->
+    "#{primName} doesn't accept further inputs if the first is a string"
+
+  , 'Unfortunately, no perfect equivalent to `_` can be implemented in NetLogo Web.  However, the \'import-a\' and \'fetch\' extensions offer primitives that can accomplish this in both NetLogo and NetLogo Web.': (primName) ->
+    "Unfortunately, no perfect equivalent to `#{primName}` can be implemented in NetLogo Web.  However, the \'import-a\' and \'fetch\' extensions offer primitives that can accomplish this in both NetLogo and NetLogo Web."
+
+  , 'The point [ _ , _ ] is outside of the boundaries of the world and wrapping is not permitted in one or both directions.': (x, y) ->
+    "The point [ #{x} , #{y} ] is outside of the boundaries of the world and wrapping is not permitted in one or both directions."
+
+  , 'Cannot move turtle beyond the world_s edge.': () ->
+    "Cannot move turtle beyond the world's edge."
+
+  , 'there is no heading of a link whose endpoints are in the same position': () ->
+    "there is no heading of a link whose endpoints are in the same position"
+
+  , 'No heading is defined from a point (_,_) to that same point.': (x, y) ->
+    "No heading is defined from a point (#{x},#{y}) to that same point."
+
+  , '_ is not an integer': (x) ->
+    "#{x} is not an integer"
+
+  , '_ is not a _': (breed1, breed2) ->
+    "#{breed1} is not a #{breed2}"
+
+  , 'An rgb list must contain 3 numbers 0-255': ->
+    'An rgb list must contain 3 numbers 0-255'
+
+  , 'An rgb list must contain 3 or 4 numbers 0-255': ->
+    'An rgb list must contain 3 or 4 numbers 0-255'
+
+  , 'RGB values must be 0-255': ->
+    'RGB values must be 0-255'
+
+  , "can't set _ variable _ to non-number _": (e) ->
+    "can't set #{e.myType} variable #{e.varName.toUpperCase()} to non-number #{e.target}"
+
+  , '_ breed does not own variable _': (breedName, varName) ->
+    "#{breedName} breed does not own variable #{varName}"
+
+  , 'All the list arguments to _ must be the same length.': (primName) ->
+    "All the list arguments to #{primName} must be the same length."
+
+  , 'The step-size for range must be non-zero.': () ->
+    "The step-size for range must be non-zero."
+
+  , 'range expects at most three arguments': () ->
+    "range expects at most three arguments"
+
+  , '_ cannot take a negative number.': (primName) ->
+    "#{primName} cannot take a negative number."
+}
+
+module.exports = bundle

From 314cf8e07ff7534d2023a34a72f0cf8a25289ffd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: John Chen <john@soobb.com>
Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2022 18:56:41 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 4/8] i18n + others

---
 .../engine/prim-checks/validator.coffee       |  4 +-
 engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/en_us.coffee      |  7 +-
 engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/zh_cn.coffee      | 99 ++++++++++---------
 engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee  |  2 +-
 4 files changed, 57 insertions(+), 55 deletions(-)

diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim-checks/validator.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim-checks/validator.coffee
index 8a1ce0ef8..0beb441b7 100644
--- a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim-checks/validator.coffee
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim-checks/validator.coffee
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class Validator
   # (String, Int | null, Int | null, String, Array[Any]) => Unit
   error: (prim, sourceStart, sourceEnd, messageKey, messageValues...) ->
     message = @bundle.get(messageKey, messageValues.map( (val) -> if typeof(val) is "function" then val() else val )...)
-    throw exceptions.runtime(message, prim, maybe(sourceStart), maybe(sourceEnd))
+    throw exceptions.runtime(message, prim, maybe(sourceStart), maybe(sourceEnd), messageKey)
 
   # (String, Int, Int, Number) => Number
   checkLong: (prim, sourceStart, sourceEnd, value) ->
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ class Validator
 
   # (String, Int, Int, Any, Array[NLType]) => Unit
   throwTypeError: (prim, sourceStart, SourceEnd, value, expectedTypes...) ->
-    throw exceptions.runtime(@typeError(prim, value, expectedTypes), prim, maybe(sourceStart), maybe(SourceEnd))
+    throw exceptions.runtime(@typeError(prim, value, expectedTypes), prim, maybe(sourceStart), maybe(SourceEnd), "_ expected input to be _ but got _ instead.")
     return
 
   # (Array[Array[NLType]]) => (String, Array[Any]) => Unit
diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/en_us.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/en_us.coffee
index decaf7a76..b623d0ba9 100644
--- a/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/en_us.coffee
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/en_us.coffee
@@ -83,9 +83,6 @@ bundle = {
   , 'Invalid list of points: _': (points) ->
       "Invalid list of points: #{points}"
 
-  , 'Requested _ random agents from a set of only _ agents.': (n, size) ->
-      "Requested #{n} random agents from a set of only #{size} agents."
-
   , 'First input to _ can_t be negative.': (prim) ->
       "First input to #{prim} can't be negative."
 
@@ -169,6 +166,10 @@ bundle = {
 
   , '_ cannot take a negative number.': (primName) ->
     "#{primName} cannot take a negative number."
+
+  # Dynamic Calls (TU)
+  , 'Cannot find the procedure _.': (procedureName) ->
+    "Cannot find the procedure #{procedureName}."
 }
 
 module.exports = bundle
diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/zh_cn.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/zh_cn.coffee
index e9ad4f328..81ef85fd1 100644
--- a/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/zh_cn.coffee
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/i18n/zh_cn.coffee
@@ -28,147 +28,148 @@ bundle = {
   # Color Prims
 
   , 'Color must be a number or a valid RGB/A color list with 3 - 4 numbers that have values between 0 and 255.': () ->
-      'Color must be a number or a valid RGB/A color list with 3 - 4 numbers that have values between 0 and 255.'
+      '颜色必须是一个 RGB 颜色列表，其中包含 3-4 个 0-255 之间的数字。'
 
   # Other Prims
 
   , 'random-normal_s second input can_t be negative.': () ->
-      "random-normal's second input can't be negative."
+      "random-normal 的第二个输入不能为负。"
 
   , 'Both Inputs to RANDOM-GAMMA must be positive.': () ->
-      "Both Inputs to RANDOM-GAMMA must be positive."
+      "RANDOM-GAMMA 的两个输入都必须为正。"
 
   , '_ is not in the allowable range for random seeds (-2147483648 to 2147483647)': (n) ->
-      "#{n} is not in the allowable range for random seeds (-2147483648 to 2147483647)"
+      "#{n} 不在随机数种子的可接受范围内 (-2147483648 ~ 2147483647)"
 
   , '_ is too large to be represented exactly as an integer in NetLogo': (n) ->
-      "#{n} is too large to be represented exactly as an integer in NetLogo"
+      "#{n} 太大了，无法在 NetLogo 中以整数形式表达。"
 
   , 'List is empty.': () ->
-      "List is empty."
+      "列表为空。"
 
   , 'Can_t find element _ of the _ _, which is only of length _.': (n, type, list, length) ->
-      "Can't find element #{n} of the #{type} #{list}, which is only of length #{length}."
+      "找不到 #{type} #{list} 的第 #{n} 个成员，因为列表的长度只有 #{length}。"
 
   , 'The list argument to reduce must not be empty.': () ->
-      "The list argument to reduce must not be empty."
+      "用于 reduce 的列表参数不能为空。"
 
   , '_ is greater than the length of the input list (_).': (endIndex, listLength) ->
-      "#{endIndex} is greater than the length of the input list (#{listLength})."
+      "#{endIndex} 大于输入列表的长度 (#{listLength})。"
 
   , '_ is less than zero.': (index) ->
-      "#{index} is less than zero."
+      "#{index} 小于 0。"
 
   , '_ is less than _.': (endIndex, startIndex) ->
-      "#{endIndex} is less than #{startIndex}."
+      "#{endIndex} 小于 #{startIndex}。"
 
   , '_ got an empty _ as input.': (prim, type) ->
-      "#{prim} got an empty #{type} as input."
+      "#{prim} 的 #{type} 输入为空。"
 
   , '_ isn_t greater than or equal to zero.': (index) ->
-      "#{index} isn't greater than or equal to zero."
+      "#{index} 需要大于或等于 0。"
 
   , 'Can_t find the _ of a list with no numbers: __': (aspect, list, punc) ->
-      "Can't find the #{aspect} of a list with no numbers: #{list}#{punc}"
+      "在不存在数字的列表 #{list}#{punc} 中找不到 #{aspect}。"
 
   , 'Requested _ random items from a list of length _.': (count, length) ->
-      "Requested #{count} random items from a list of length #{length}."
+      "无法从一个长度为 #{length} 的列表中取出 #{count} 个随机项。"
 
   , 'Requested _ random agents from a set of only _ agents.': (count, size) ->
-      "Requested #{count} random agents from a set of only #{size} agents."
+      "无法从一个只有 #{size} 项的主体集合中取出 #{count} 个随机主体。"
 
   , 'Can_t find the _ of a list without at least two numbers: __': (aspect, list, punc) ->
-      "Can't find the #{aspect} of a list without at least two numbers: #{list}#{punc}"
+      "#{list}#{punc} 中至少需要两个数字，才能用来找到 #{aspect}。"
 
   , 'Invalid list of points: _': (points) ->
-      "Invalid list of points: #{points}"
-
-  , 'Requested _ random agents from a set of only _ agents.': (n, size) ->
-      "Requested #{n} random agents from a set of only #{size} agents."
+      "坐标列表 #{points} 无效。"
 
   , 'First input to _ can_t be negative.': (prim) ->
-      "First input to #{prim} can't be negative."
+      "#{prim} 的第一个输入不能为负。"
 
   , '_ expected a true/false value from _, but got _ instead.': (prim, item, value) ->
-    "#{prim} expected a true/false value from #{item}, but got #{value} instead."
+    "#{prim} 希望从 #{item} 中得到 true/false 值，得到的却是 #{value}。"
 
   , '_ expected input to be a _ agentset or _ but got _ instead.': (prim, agentType, value) ->
-    "#{prim} expected input to be a #{agentType} agentset or #{agentType} but got #{value} instead."
+    "#{prim} 的输入应为 #{agentType} 或其集合，得到的却是 #{value}。"
 
   , '_ expected input to be _ but got _ instead.': (prim, expectedType, actualType) ->
-    "#{prim} expected input to be #{expectedType} but got #{actualType} instead."
+    "#{prim} 的输入应为 #{expectedType}，得到的却是 #{actualType}。"
 
   , 'List inputs to _ must only contain _, _ agentset, or list elements.  The list _ contained _ which is NOT a _ or _ agentset.': (prim, agentType, list, value) ->
-    "List inputs to #{prim} must only contain #{agentType}, #{agentType} agentset, or list elements.  The list #{list} contained #{value} which is NOT a #{agentType} or #{agentType} agentset."
+    "#{prim} 的列表输入只能包含其它列表、#{agentType}、或 #{agentType} 的集合。但是，列表 #{list} 中的值 #{value} 不属于上述类别。"
 
   , 'List inputs to _ must only contain _, _ agentset, or list elements.  The list _ contained a different type agentset: _.': (prim, agentType, list, value) ->
-    "List inputs to #{prim} must only contain #{agentType}, #{agentType} agentset, or list elements.  The list #{list} contained a different type agentset: #{value}."
+    "#{prim} 的列表输入只能包含其它列表、#{agentType}、或 #{agentType} 的集合。但是，列表 #{list} 包括了不同种类的主体集合: #{value}。"
 
   , 'SORT-ON works on numbers, strings, or agents of the same type, but not on _ and _': (type1, type2) ->
-    "SORT-ON works on numbers, strings, or agents of the same type, but not on #{type1} and #{type2}"
+    "SORT-ON 可以用于数字、字符串或同类型的主体，但不能用于 #{type1} 或 #{type2}。"
 
   , 'anonymous procedure expected _ input_, but only got _': (needed, given) ->
-    "anonymous procedure expected #{needed} input#{if needed isnt 1 then "s" else ""}, but only got #{given}"
+    "匿名函数需要 #{needed} 个输入，得到的却只有 #{given} 个。"
 
   , 'REPORT can only be used inside TO-REPORT.': () ->
-    "REPORT can only be used inside TO-REPORT."
+    "REPORT 只能在 TO-REPORT 中使用。"
 
   , 'STOP is not allowed inside TO-REPORT.': () ->
-    "STOP is not allowed inside TO-REPORT."
+    "不能在 TO-REPORT 中使用 STOP。"
 
   , 'Reached end of reporter procedure without REPORT being called.': () ->
-    "Reached end of reporter procedure without REPORT being called."
+    "在函数结束时，应当使用 `REPORT` 进行输出。"
 
   , '_ doesn_t accept further inputs if the first is a string': (primName) ->
-    "#{primName} doesn't accept further inputs if the first is a string"
+    "如果第一个输入是字符串，#{primName} 无法接受更多输入。"
 
   , 'Unfortunately, no perfect equivalent to `_` can be implemented in NetLogo Web.  However, the \'import-a\' and \'fetch\' extensions offer primitives that can accomplish this in both NetLogo and NetLogo Web.': (primName) ->
-    "Unfortunately, no perfect equivalent to `#{primName}` can be implemented in NetLogo Web.  However, the \'import-a\' and \'fetch\' extensions offer primitives that can accomplish this in both NetLogo and NetLogo Web."
+    "抱歉，海龟实验室中无法实现 `#{primName}`。不过，例如 `import-a` 和 `fetch` 这样的扩展可以实现你需要的功能。"
 
   , 'The point [ _ , _ ] is outside of the boundaries of the world and wrapping is not permitted in one or both directions.': (x, y) ->
-    "The point [ #{x} , #{y} ] is outside of the boundaries of the world and wrapping is not permitted in one or both directions."
+    "坐标 [ #{x} , #{y} ] 位于世界边缘之外，并且相应方向的世界环绕没有启用。"
 
   , 'Cannot move turtle beyond the world_s edge.': () ->
-    "Cannot move turtle beyond the world's edge."
+    "无法将海龟移动到世界边缘之外。"
 
   , 'there is no heading of a link whose endpoints are in the same position': () ->
-    "there is no heading of a link whose endpoints are in the same position"
+    "两个端点位置相同的链接不存在朝向角度。"
 
   , 'No heading is defined from a point (_,_) to that same point.': (x, y) ->
-    "No heading is defined from a point (#{x},#{y}) to that same point."
+    "从 (#{x},#{y}) 到同一个位置之间不存在朝向角度。"
 
   , '_ is not an integer': (x) ->
-    "#{x} is not an integer"
+    "#{x} 不是整数。"
 
   , '_ is not a _': (breed1, breed2) ->
-    "#{breed1} is not a #{breed2}"
+    "#{breed1} 不是 #{breed2}。"
 
   , 'An rgb list must contain 3 numbers 0-255': ->
-    'An rgb list must contain 3 numbers 0-255'
+    '一个 RGB 颜色列表必须包含 3 个 0-255 之间的数字。'
 
   , 'An rgb list must contain 3 or 4 numbers 0-255': ->
-    'An rgb list must contain 3 or 4 numbers 0-255'
+    '一个 RGB 颜色列表必须包含 3-4 个 0-255 之间的数字。'
 
   , 'RGB values must be 0-255': ->
-    'RGB values must be 0-255'
+    'RGB 值必须介于 0-255 之间。'
 
   , "can't set _ variable _ to non-number _": (e) ->
-    "can't set #{e.myType} variable #{e.varName.toUpperCase()} to non-number #{e.target}"
+    "无法将 #{e.myType} 类型的变量 #{e.varName.toUpperCase()} 设置为非数字 #{e.target}"
 
   , '_ breed does not own variable _': (breedName, varName) ->
-    "#{breedName} breed does not own variable #{varName}"
+    "种类 #{breedName} 中并未定义参数 #{varName}"
 
   , 'All the list arguments to _ must be the same length.': (primName) ->
-    "All the list arguments to #{primName} must be the same length."
+    "#{primName} 的所有列表参数必须长度相同。"
 
   , 'The step-size for range must be non-zero.': () ->
-    "The step-size for range must be non-zero."
+    "区间的步进大小不能为零。"
 
   , 'range expects at most three arguments': () ->
-    "range expects at most three arguments"
+    "区间最多只接受三个参数。"
 
   , '_ cannot take a negative number.': (primName) ->
-    "#{primName} cannot take a negative number."
+    "#{primName} 不能取负值。"
+    
+  # Dynamic Calls (TU)
+  , 'Cannot find the procedure _.': (procedureName) ->
+    "无法找到函数 #{procedureName}."
 }
 
 module.exports = bundle
diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee
index b0bd8b7b3..c0340126a 100644
--- a/engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class InternalException extends NetLogoException
 # Represents typical, expected runtime errors in the engine, like dividing by zero
 # or using `ask` on nobody, etc.  -Jeremy B March 2021
 class RuntimeException extends NetLogoException
-  constructor: (message, @primitive, stackTrace, stackTraceMessage, @sourceStart, @sourceEnd) ->
+  constructor: (message, @primitive, stackTrace, stackTraceMessage, @sourceStart, @sourceEnd, @messageKey) ->
     super(message, stackTrace, stackTraceMessage)
 
 class ExceptionFactory

From 807844efd883fdbc92f839b44119b0b024592454 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: John Chen <john@soobb.com>
Date: Mon, 30 Jan 2023 09:59:38 -0600
Subject: [PATCH 5/8] Added comments on Jeremy's request

---
 engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee | 2 ++
 engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee  | 3 +++
 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)

diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee
index b0793e182..e2aeef92e 100644
--- a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee
@@ -159,6 +159,8 @@ module.exports =
       @patchAtHeadingAndDistance(@_heading + angle, distance)
 
     # (Number, Number) => Agent
+    # One might ask: why don't you use patchRightAndAhead here? The answer again: to reduce unnecessary function calls for frequently called prims.
+    # In this case, removing the addition call does not add difficulty to maintenance; although the performance boost is supposed to be little as well.
     patchLeftAndAhead: (angle, distance) ->
       @patchAtHeadingAndDistance(@_heading - angle, distance)
 
diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee
index 39fabe2c4..f09a98648 100644
--- a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee
@@ -173,6 +173,9 @@ module.exports =
         throw exceptions.internal("Invalid operands to `lt`")
 
     # (Any, Any) => Boolean
+    # Why don't we simply use lt + eq (and in gte's case, gt + eq?) Because it will cause many unnecessary type checks. 
+    # In many cases, the goal for those prims - very frequently executed by NL code - is not to keep short, but rather to achieve the best performance,
+    # even if it means additional amount of code. --JC (01/30/23)
     lte: (a, b) ->
       if (checks.isNumber(a) and checks.isNumber(b)) or (checks.isString(a) and checks.isString(b))
         a <= b

From 8f7203779cdc9641fa7fc2e41c7b93c69dbfed31 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: John Chen <civitas@u.northwestern.edu>
Date: Mon, 30 Jan 2023 13:37:42 -0600
Subject: [PATCH 6/8] Appeasing the linter

---
 engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee | 1 +
 engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee  | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee
index e2aeef92e..46aab12b9 100644
--- a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/core/turtle.coffee
@@ -161,6 +161,7 @@ module.exports =
     # (Number, Number) => Agent
     # One might ask: why don't you use patchRightAndAhead here? The answer again: to reduce unnecessary function calls for frequently called prims.
     # In this case, removing the addition call does not add difficulty to maintenance; although the performance boost is supposed to be little as well.
+    # -JC (1/30/23)
     patchLeftAndAhead: (angle, distance) ->
       @patchAtHeadingAndDistance(@_heading - angle, distance)
 
diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee
index f09a98648..2deb43502 100644
--- a/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/engine/prim/prims.coffee
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ module.exports =
         throw exceptions.internal("Invalid operands to `lt`")
 
     # (Any, Any) => Boolean
-    # Why don't we simply use lt + eq (and in gte's case, gt + eq?) Because it will cause many unnecessary type checks. 
+    # Why don't we simply use lt + eq (and in gte's case, gt + eq?) Because it will cause many unnecessary type checks.
     # In many cases, the goal for those prims - very frequently executed by NL code - is not to keep short, but rather to achieve the best performance,
     # even if it means additional amount of code. --JC (01/30/23)
     lte: (a, b) ->

From 9f11afd71eedee75fc4c2e9b19d7e0ba68ab97a6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: John Chen <john@soobb.com>
Date: Sat, 11 Feb 2023 12:52:58 -0600
Subject: [PATCH 7/8] Jeremy's request

---
 engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee | 6 ++++--
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee
index c0340126a..637c78ae8 100644
--- a/engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee
@@ -73,10 +73,12 @@ class ExceptionFactory
     new InternalException(message, stackFrames, stackTraceMessage)
 
   # (String, String, Maybe[Int], Maybe[Int]) => RuntimeException
-  runtime: (message, primitive, sourceStart = None, sourceEnd = None) ->
+  # Most of the existing call to this function have not been changed to i18n + messageKey. 
+  # They should be gradually switched to validator.error(). - JC 02/11/23
+  runtime: (message, primitive, sourceStart = None, sourceEnd = None, messageKey = None) ->
     stackFrames       = @getStackTrace()
     stackTraceMessage = @makeStackTraceMessage(stackFrames, primitive)
-    new RuntimeException(message, primitive, stackFrames, stackTraceMessage, sourceStart, sourceEnd)
+    new RuntimeException(message, primitive, stackFrames, stackTraceMessage, sourceStart, sourceEnd, messageKey)
 
 factory = new ExceptionFactory()
 

From d9484a81f302521fb561f1a499e00444831342eb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: John Chen <john@soobb.com>
Date: Tue, 14 Feb 2023 11:15:06 -0600
Subject: [PATCH 8/8] Appeasing the linter by removing trailing whitespaces.

---
 engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee b/engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee
index 637c78ae8..a38d73a98 100644
--- a/engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee
+++ b/engine/src/main/coffee/util/exception.coffee
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ class ExceptionFactory
     new InternalException(message, stackFrames, stackTraceMessage)
 
   # (String, String, Maybe[Int], Maybe[Int]) => RuntimeException
-  # Most of the existing call to this function have not been changed to i18n + messageKey. 
+  # Most of the existing call to this function have not been changed to i18n + messageKey.
   # They should be gradually switched to validator.error(). - JC 02/11/23
   runtime: (message, primitive, sourceStart = None, sourceEnd = None, messageKey = None) ->
     stackFrames       = @getStackTrace()